Hydrostatic pressure and temperature effects on the membranes of a seasonally migrating marine copepod.
Hydrostatic pressure and temperature effects on the membranes of a seasonally migrating marine copepod.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0111043
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Mayor DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pond DW;Tarling GA;Mayor DJ
哲水蚤目海洋浮游桡足类是高纬度生态系统生态和生产力的核心，代表初级生产者和鱼类之间的界面。这些动物通常会季节性地垂直迁移到深海，在那里它们会休眠3至9个月。下降的桡足类会受到低温和增加的静水压力的影响。关于这些生物体如何使它们的膜适应这些环境压力，我们一无所知。我们收集了桡足类（Calanoides acutus）从南大洋的深度范围从表面沃茨到1000米。温度和/或压力对C. acutus PLFA的最主要成分，多不饱和脂肪酸二十二碳六烯酸[DHA - 22：6（n-3）]，受到温度和压力之间的显著相互作用的影响。这部分随着压力的增加而增加，在较冷的温度下增加的速率更大。我们认为，DHA是垂直迁移的浮游动物的生理适应的关键，最有可能是因为这种化合物的生物物理特性适合于维持膜秩序，在寒冷，高压的条件下，坚持在深海。由于桡足类不能合成DHA，在休眠期间不进食，因此在迁移开始之前必须通过摄入积累足够的DHA。为桡足类提供DHA的有鞭毛的微型浮游生物的时间和丰度的气候变化对这些动物成功进行季节性生命周期的能力具有重大影响。
Marine planktonic copepods of the order Calanoida are central to the ecology and productivity of high latitude ecosystems, representing the interface between primary producers and fish. These animals typically undertake a seasonal vertical migration into the deep sea, where they remain dormant for periods of between three and nine months. Descending copepods are subject to low temperatures and increased hydrostatic pressures. Nothing is known about how these organisms adapt their membranes to these environmental stressors. We collected copepods (Calanoides acutus) from the Southern Ocean at depth horizons ranging from surface waters down to 1000 m. Temperature and/or pressure both had significant, additive effects on the overall composition of the membrane phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) in C. acutus. The most prominent constituent of the PLFAs, the polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexanoic acid [DHA – 22:6(n-3)], was affected by a significant interaction between temperature and pressure. This moiety increased with pressure, with the rate of increase being greater at colder temperatures. We suggest that DHA is key to the physiological adaptations of vertically migrating zooplankton, most likely because the biophysical properties of this compound are suited to maintaining membrane order in the cold, high pressure conditions that persist in the deep sea. As copepods cannot synthesise DHA and do not feed during dormancy, sufficient DHA must be accumulated through ingestion before migration is initiated. Climate-driven changes in the timing and abundance of the flagellated microplankton that supply DHA to copepods have major implications for the capacity of these animals to undertake their seasonal life cycle successfully.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Bell, Michael V.;Dick, James R.;Pond, David W.
通讯作者：
Pond, David W.
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Li, LN;Kato, C;Horikoshi, K
通讯作者：
Horikoshi, K
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Edwards, M;Richardson, AJ
通讯作者：
Richardson, AJ
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Mayor DJ;Gray NB;Elver-Evans J;Midwood AJ;Thornton B
通讯作者：
Thornton B
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
DELONG, EF;YAYANOS, AA
通讯作者：
YAYANOS, AA