Diabetes as a chronic metabolic stressor: causes, consequences and clinical complications.
Diabetes as a chronic metabolic stressor: causes, consequences and clinical complications.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.02.004
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发表时间：
2012-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Reagan, Lawrence P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reagan, Lawrence P.
关键词：
Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder resulting from inadequate insulin release and/or reduced insulin sensitivity. The complications of diabetes are well characterized in peripheral tissues, but there is a growing appreciation that the complications of diabetes extend to the central nervous system (CNS). One of the potential neurological complications of diabetes is cognitive deficits. Interestingly, the structural, electrophysiological, neurochemical and anatomical underpinnings responsible for cognitive deficits in diabetes are strikingly similar to those observed in animals subjected to chronic stress, as well as in patients with stress-related psychiatric illnesses such as major depressive disorder. Since diabetes is a chronic metabolic stressor, this has lead to the suggestion that common mechanistic mediators are responsible for neuroplasticity deficits in both diabetes and depression. Moreover, these common mechanistic mediators may be responsible for the increase the risk of depressive illness in diabetes patients. In view of these observations, the aims of this review are: 1) to describe the neuroplasticity deficits observed in diabetic rodents and patients; 2) to summarize the similarities in the clinical and preclinical studies of depression and diabetes; and 3) to highlight the diabetes-induced neuroplasticity deficits in those brain regions that have been implicated as important pathological centers in depressive illness, namely, the hippocampus, the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex.
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