Homeostatic regulation of blood neutrophil counts.
Homeostatic regulation of blood neutrophil counts.
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DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.181.8.5183
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发表时间：
2008-10-15
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ley K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
von Vietinghoff S;Ley K
血液中的嗜中性粒细胞计数通过骨髓中前体细胞的分化和增殖、成熟嗜中性粒细胞释放到血液中、器官如肺和脾中的边集、以及穿过内皮衬里的迁移，随后是嗜中性粒细胞凋亡和被吞噬细胞摄取来确定。本文简要综述了IL-17和IL-23对G-CSF调节中性粒细胞生成的部分作用。中性粒细胞通过CXCL 12与其受体CXCR 4的相互作用保留在骨髓中。这种机制的相关性由罕见疾病说明，其中破坏CXCR 4的脱敏导致骨髓中的中性粒细胞积聚。尽管近交系小鼠品系和个体人类受试者的血液中性粒细胞数量受到严格控制，但远交群体中血液中性粒细胞计数的巨大变化表明遗传控制。一个例子是良性种族中性粒细胞减少症，在大约5%的非洲裔美国人中发现。中性粒细胞计数的降低和升高，即使在正常范围内，也与过高的全因死亡率相关。
Neutrophil counts in blood are determined by the differentiation and proliferation of precursor cells in the bone marrow, release of mature neutrophils into the blood, margination in organs like the lung and spleen, and transmigration through the endothelial lining followed by neutrophil apoptosis and uptake by phagocytes. This brief review summarizes how the regulation of neutrophil production by G-CSF is in part controlled by IL-17 and IL-23. Neutrophils are retained in the bone marrow through interaction of CXCL12 with its receptor CXCR4. The relevance of this mechanism is illustrated by rare diseases in which disrupting the desensitization of CXCR4 results in neutrophil accumulation in the bone marrow. Although blood neutrophil numbers in inbred mouse strains and individual human subjects are tightly controlled, the large variation of blood neutrophil counts among outbred populations suggests genetic control. One example is benign ethnic neutropenia, which is found in about 5% of African Americans. Reduced and elevated neutrophil counts, even within the normal range, are associated with excess all-cause mortality.
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