Diminished neural responses predict enhanced intrinsic motivation and sensitivity to external incentive.
Diminished neural responses predict enhanced intrinsic motivation and sensitivity to external incentive.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13415-014-0324-5
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发表时间：
2015-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chiu PH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marsden KE;Ma WJ;Deci EL;Ryan RM;Chiu PH
人的绩效的持续时间和质量取决于内在动机和外部激励。然而，人们对内在和外在动机之间相互作用的神经科学基础知之甚少。在这里，我们使用功能性磁共振成像来检查内在动机的神经基质，可操作的自由选择的时间花在一个任务时，这是不需要的，并测试了神经和行为的影响，外部奖励内在动机。我们发现，自由选择时间的持续时间的增加是由与认知和情感调节相关的区域的神经反应普遍减少所预测的。相比之下，额外奖励的可能性提高了任务的准确性，特别是增加了错误后的神经和行为反应。那些与内在动机相关的神经反应最小的个体在可能的奖励的外部偶然性下表现出最大的错误相关神经增强。总之，这些数据表明，人类的表现是由内在动机（滋补）和外部激励（相位）的影响之间的神经基板的“滋补”和“相位”的关系。本文的在线版本（doi：10.3758/s13415-014-0324-5）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
The duration and quality of human performance depend on both intrinsic motivation and external incentives. However, little is known about the neuroscientific basis of this interplay between internal and external motivators. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neural substrates of intrinsic motivation, operationalized as the free-choice time spent on a task when this was not required, and tested the neural and behavioral effects of external reward on intrinsic motivation. We found that increased duration of free-choice time was predicted by generally diminished neural responses in regions associated with cognitive and affective regulation. By comparison, the possibility of additional reward improved task accuracy, and specifically increased neural and behavioral responses following errors. Those individuals with the smallest neural responses associated with intrinsic motivation exhibited the greatest error-related neural enhancement under the external contingency of possible reward. Together, these data suggest that human performance is guided by a “tonic” and “phasic” relationship between the neural substrates of intrinsic motivation (tonic) and the impact of external incentives (phasic). The online version of this article (doi:10.3758/s13415-014-0324-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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