Reinstatement of cocaine seeking induced by drugs, cues, and stress in adolescent and adult rats.
Reinstatement of cocaine seeking induced by drugs, cues, and stress in adolescent and adult rats.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-009-1721-2
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发表时间：
2010-02
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Carroll, Marilyn E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anker, Justin J.;Carroll, Marilyn E.
在对人类和动物的研究中，青春期标志着更容易开始和随后滥用药物的时期。青少年可能特别容易复发，药物滥用的一个关键方面是它是一种慢性复发性疾病。然而，人们对诸如青春期等脆弱性因素如何与药物本身、药物相关线索或压力引发的诱发复发的条件相关知之甚少。本研究的目的是比较青少年和成年大鼠的药物，线索，和压力诱导的可卡因寻求行为的恢复。在出生后第23天（青少年）和第90天（成年人），大鼠植入静脉导管，并在每天两次2小时的会议期间训练杠杆按压静脉输注可卡因（0.4 mg/kg）。然后，这些老鼠再自我静脉注射可卡因10次。随后，拔掉发出药物递送信号的视觉和听觉刺激，并允许大鼠熄灭杠杆按压20次。然后测试大鼠可卡因，线索，和育亨宾（压力）诱导的可卡因寻求使用受试者内的多组分恢复程序。结果表明，与成年人相比，青少年在维持和消退期间有更高的可卡因寻求。在复吸期间，青少年（与成人相比）对可卡因和育亨宾注射的反应更大，而成人（与青少年相比）对药物相关线索的反应更大。这些结果表明，青少年和成年人在寻求药物行为的几个指标上存在差异，青少年可能特别容易因药物和压力而复发。
In human and animal studies, adolescence marks a period of increased vulnerability to the initiation and subsequent abuse of drugs. Adolescents may be especially vulnerable to relapse, and a critical aspect of drug abuse is that it is a chronically relapsing disorder. However, little is known of how vulnerability factors such as adolescence are related to conditions that induce relapse, triggered by the drug itself, drug-associated cues, or stress. The purpose of this study was to compare adolescent and adult rats on drug-, cue-, and stress-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior. On postnatal days 23 (adolescents) and 90 (adults), rats were implanted with intravenous catheters and trained to lever press for i.v. infusions of cocaine (0.4 mg/kg) during two daily 2-h sessions. The rats then self-administered i.v. cocaine for ten additional sessions. Subsequently, visual and auditory stimuli that signaled drug delivery were unplugged, and rats were allowed to extinguish lever pressing for 20 sessions. Rats were then tested on cocaine-, cue-, and yohimbine (stress)-induced cocaine seeking using a within-subject multicomponent reinstatement procedure. Results indicated that adolescents had heightened cocaine seeking during maintenance and extinction compared to adults. During reinstatement, adolescents (vs adults) responded more following cocaine- and yohimbine injections, while adults (vs adolescents) showed greater responding following presentations of drug-associated cues. These results demonstrated that adolescents and adults differed across several measures of drug-seeking behavior, and adolescents may be especially vulnerable to relapse precipitated by drugs and stress.
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2.9
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