Applying optimal control theory to complex epidemiological models to inform real-world disease management

Applying optimal control theory to complex epidemiological models to inform real-world disease management
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将最优控制理论应用于复杂的流行病学模型,为现实世界的疾病管理提供信息

DOI:
10.1101/405746
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
--
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Bussell E
Bussell E
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文献类型:
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作者:
Bussell E

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数学模型为告知如何、在何处以及何时控制疾病提供了合理的基础。假设可以拟合精确的空间显式模拟模型来传播数据,则可以直接使用它来测试一系列管理策略的性能。然而,仿真模型的典型复杂性和大量可能的控制意味着只能测试所有可能策略的一小部分。另一种方法——最优控制理论——可以明确地识别最佳控制。然而,基础数学的复杂性意味着用于确定这种最佳值的疾病模型必须非常简单。我们强调了两个弥合详细流行病模拟和最优控制理论之间差距的框架:开环和模型预测控制。这两个框架都使用更易于数学分析的更简单的模型来近似模拟模型。使用说明性示例模型,我们展示了使用反馈控制的好处,其中近似值和控制随着流行病的进展而更新。我们的工作展示了一种新的方法,可以让最佳控制理论的见解为实际的疾病管理策略提供信息,并有可能应用于植物、动物和人类的疾病。
Mathematical models provide a rational basis to inform how, where and when to control disease. Assuming an accurate spatially-explicit simulation model can be fitted to spread data, it is straightforward to use it to test the performance of a range of management strategies. However, the typical complexity of simulation models and the vast set of possible controls mean that only a small subset of all possible strategies can ever be tested. An alternative approach – optimal control theory – allows the very best control to be identified unambiguously. However, the complexity of the underpinning mathematics means that disease models used to identify this optimum must be very simple. We highlight two frameworks for bridging the gap between detailed epidemic simulations and optimal control theory: open-loop and model predictive control. Both these frameworks approximate a simulation model with a simpler model more amenable to mathematical analysis. Using an illustrative example model we show the benefits of using feedback control, in which the approximation and control are updated as the epidemic progresses. Our work illustrates a new methodology to allow the insights of optimal control theory to inform practical disease management strategies, with the potential for application to diseases of plants, animals and humans.
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