Postnatal glucocorticosteroid therapy for treatment and prevention of neonatal chronic lung disease

Postnatal glucocorticosteroid therapy for treatment and prevention of neonatal chronic lung disease
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产后糖皮质激素疗法治疗和预防新生儿慢性肺病

DOI:
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发表时间:
2000
影响因子:
6.1
通讯作者:
C. Cole
C. Cole
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
C. Cole

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新生儿慢性肺病(CLD)是一种持续性并发症,主要发生在早产儿中。产后糖皮质激素治疗广泛用于CLD的治疗和预防。大多数研究表明,婴儿出生后接受糖皮质激素治疗后,肺部状况得到了急性改善。最近的“早期”干预研究(<< 14日龄)表明,在28日龄和月经后36周之间,死亡率和CLD的发生率降低。然而,对于潜在的不良结局,包括生长抑制、感染、灾难性胃肠道并发症和CNS损伤,仍存在极大的担忧。因此,产后糖皮质激素治疗的使用在开始治疗的临床适应症、给药剂量、持续时间、起效时间和给药途径以及潜在获益和风险方面仍存在争议。吸入性糖皮质激素治疗越来越多地用于治疗和预防CLD,以避免大剂量全身糖皮质激素治疗的不良反应。最近的研究表明,吸入糖皮质激素治疗的前景。然而,需要进一步的工作来改善气溶胶的输送和沉积,以完善其在预防和治疗CLD中的作用。未来的研究能够早期,准确地识别婴儿在CLD的最大风险,加上更全面的了解不同的发病机制,将提供有关适当的发病时间,剂量,治疗途径和干预持续时间的信息。
Neonatal chronic lung disease (CLD) is a persistent complication, primarily of premature infants. Postnatal glucocorticoid therapy is widely used in the treatment and prevention of CLD. Most studies reveal acute improvement in the pulmonary status of infants treated with postnatal glucocorticoid therapy. Recent studies of ‘earlier’ intervention (<< 14 days of age) demonstrated a reduction in mortality and in the occurrence of CLD between 28 days of age and 36 weeks postmenstrual age. Great concern remains, however, regarding the potential adverse outcomes, including growth inhibition, infection, catastrophic GI complications and CNS injury. Therefore, the use of postnatal glucocorticoid therapy remains controversial with respect to the clinical indications for initiating therapy, the dose, duration, onset and route of administration, as well as potential benefits and risks. Inhaled glucocorticoid therapy is increasingly used to treat and prevent CLD in order to avoid adverse effects of high dose systemic glucocorticoid therapy. Recent studies with inhaled glucocorticoid therapy show promise. Further work, however, for improving aerosol delivery and deposition, will be needed to refine their role in the prevention and treatment of CLD. Future studies enabling early, accurate identification of infants at greatest risk for CLD, coupled with a more comprehensive understanding of the different pathogeneses, will provide information regarding appropriate timing of onset, dosing, route of therapy and duration of intervention.
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