PINK1 phosphorylates ubiquitin to activate Parkin E3 ubiquitin ligase activity.

PINK1 phosphorylates ubiquitin to activate Parkin E3 ubiquitin ligase activity.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201402104
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发表时间:
2014-04-28
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Youle RJ
Youle RJ
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kane LA;Lazarou M;Fogel AI;Li Y;Yamano K;Sarraf SA;Banerjee S;Youle RJ

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PINK1使泛素磷酸化,磷酸化的泛素随后与帕金蛋白结合并激活其E3连接酶活性,从而导致受损线粒体的选择性自噬诱导。 PINK1激酶激活E3泛素连接酶帕金蛋白,以诱导受损线粒体的选择性自噬。然而,PINK1如何激活帕金蛋白并将其招募到线粒体一直不清楚。尽管PINK1使帕金蛋白磷酸化,但其他PINK1底物似乎也能激活帕金蛋白,因为果蝇和人类之间保守的所有丝氨酸和苏氨酸残基(包括帕金蛋白S65)的突变并没有完全损害帕金蛋白向线粒体的易位。通过质谱分析,我们发现内源性PINK1使泛素的丝氨酸65位点磷酸化,该位点与PINK1在帕金蛋白的泛素样结构域中磷酸化的位点同源。重组TcPINK1直接使泛素磷酸化,并且磷酸化泛素在无细胞实验中激活帕金蛋白E3泛素连接酶活性。在细胞中,模拟磷酸化的泛素突变体S65D结合并激活帕金蛋白。此外,表达不能被PINK1磷酸化的泛素S65A突变体抑制了帕金蛋白向受损线粒体的易位。这些结果解释了PINK1介导的帕金蛋白E3连接酶活性启动的前馈机制。
PINK1 phosphorylates ubiquitin, which then binds to Parkin and activates its E3 ligase activity, leading to induction of selective autophagy of damaged mitochondria. PINK1 kinase activates the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin to induce selective autophagy of damaged mitochondria. However, it has been unclear how PINK1 activates and recruits Parkin to mitochondria. Although PINK1 phosphorylates Parkin, other PINK1 substrates appear to activate Parkin, as the mutation of all serine and threonine residues conserved between Drosophila and human, including Parkin S65, did not wholly impair Parkin translocation to mitochondria. Using mass spectrometry, we discovered that endogenous PINK1 phosphorylated ubiquitin at serine 65, homologous to the site phosphorylated by PINK1 in Parkin’s ubiquitin-like domain. Recombinant TcPINK1 directly phosphorylated ubiquitin and phospho-ubiquitin activated Parkin E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in cell-free assays. In cells, the phosphomimetic ubiquitin mutant S65D bound and activated Parkin. Furthermore, expression of ubiquitin S65A, a mutant that cannot be phosphorylated by PINK1, inhibited Parkin translocation to damaged mitochondria. These results explain a feed-forward mechanism of PINK1-mediated initiation of Parkin E3 ligase activity.
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