Immunology of allergen immunotherapy.

Immunology of allergen immunotherapy.
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DOI:
10.1093/immadv/ltac022
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wesemann, Duane R.
Wesemann, Duane R.
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rahman, Rifat S.;Wesemann, Duane R.

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过敏原免疫疗法(AIT)是过敏性疾病的唯一疾病修饰疗法。通过重复接种低剂量的过敏原-无论是作为完整的蛋白质或肽-患者可以实现诱导和/或与过敏原接触相关的炎症效应物和免疫无反应性介质之间的稳态平衡,可能导致持续的临床改善。空气传播/呼吸道过敏原和昆虫毒液的AIT传统上是皮下供应的,但其他给药途径和方式也可能有效。尽管过敏原管理的差异,有一些跨平台的免疫反应的相似之处,与一般的主题涉及适应性和先天性免疫效应细胞的重组和极化。在这里,我们回顾了AIT的免疫学在各种交付平台,包括皮下,舌下,表皮,皮内,淋巴管内的方法,强调与实现免疫无反应性过敏原的共同机制。
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying therapy for allergic disease. Through repeated inoculations of low doses of allergen—either as whole proteins or peptides—patients can achieve a homeostatic balance between inflammatory effectors induced and/or associated with allergen contact, and mediators of immunologic non-responsiveness, potentially leading to sustained clinical improvements. AIT for airborne/respiratory tract allergens and insect venoms have traditionally been supplied subcutaneously, but other routes and modalities of administration can also be effective. Despite differences of allergen administration, there are some similarities of immunologic responses across platforms, with a general theme involving the restructuring and polarization of adaptive and innate immune effector cells. Here we review the immunology of AIT across various delivery platforms, including subcutaneous, sublingual, epicutaneous, intradermal, and intralymphatic approaches, emphasizing shared mechanisms associated with achieving immunologic non-responsiveness to allergen.
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