Face perception predicts affective theory of mind in autism spectrum disorder but not schizophrenia or typical development.
Face perception predicts affective theory of mind in autism spectrum disorder but not schizophrenia or typical development.
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DOI：
10.1037/abn0000621
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
McPartland JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Altschuler MR;Trevisan DA;Wolf JM;Naples AJ;Foss-Feig JH;Srihari VH;McPartland JC
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和精神分裂症谱系障碍（SCZ）在社会认知困难方面存在重叠。然而，很少有研究直接比较ASD，SCZ和典型发展（TD）的社会认知。本研究探讨了在每个诊断组中面孔识别的个体差异及其与情感心理理论（ToM）的关系。年龄在18岁至48岁之间的ASD（n = 31），SCZ（n = 43）和TD（n = 47）成人参与了这项研究，全量表智商超过80。阅读眼睛中的心灵任务（RMET）测量情感心理理论，本顿面部识别测试（BFRT）测量面部感知。ASD和SCZ的成年人在情感心理理论能力方面没有差异，与TD相比，两组都表现出情感心理理论困难。然而，更好的人脸识别能力唯一预测更好的情感心理理论能力的ASD。结果表明，情感心理理论的困难可能与ASD的面孔处理，但SCZ没有。通过阐明这些疾病中情感心理理论和面部识别困难的个体差异的复杂性，本研究表明，与SCZ相比，ASD中社会功能障碍的潜在途径可能存在不同的机制。这项研究表明，在患有自闭症的成年人中，较差的面部识别与对他人情绪心理状态的较差推理有关，而不是精神分裂症或典型发展。这表明，与精神分裂症相比，自闭症成年人的社会功能障碍有不同的潜在途径，并对设计旨在提高社会认知能力和减少这两种疾病的社会困难的干预措施具有实际意义。结果表明，在ASD，而不是SCZ的目标面孔知觉的价值，以提高社会认知。
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SCZ) have overlapping symptomatology related to difficulties in social cognition. Yet, few studies have directly compared social cognition in ASD, SCZ, and typical development (TD). The current study examined individual differences in face recognition and its relation to affective Theory of Mind (ToM) in each diagnostic group. Adults with ASD (n = 31), SCZ (n = 43), and TD (n = 47) between the ages of 18 and 48 with full scale IQ above 80 participated in this study. The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task (RMET) measured affective ToM, and the Benton Facial Recognition Test (BFRT) measured face perception. Adults with ASD and SCZ did not differ in their affective ToM abilities, and both groups showed affective ToM difficulties compared to TD. However, better face recognition ability uniquely predicted better affective ToM ability in ASD. Results suggest that affective ToM difficulties may relate to face processing in ASD but not SCZ. By clarifying the complex nature of individual differences in affective ToM and face recognition difficulties in these disorders, the present study suggests there may be divergent mechanisms underlying pathways to social dysfunction in ASD compared to SCZ. This study demonstrates that worse face recognition is associated with worse reasoning about emotional mental states of others in adults with autism but not schizophrenia or typical development. This suggests distinct underlying pathways to social dysfunction in adults with autism compared to schizophrenia and has practical implications for designing interventions aimed at improving social cognitive abilities and reducing social difficulties in both disorders. Results suggest the value of targeting face perception in ASD but not SCZ to improve social cognition.
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期刊：
Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki
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通讯作者：
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