Zoonotic enteric parasites in Mongolian people, animals, and the environment: Using One Health to address shared pathogens.
Zoonotic enteric parasites in Mongolian people, animals, and the environment: Using One Health to address shared pathogens.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009543
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发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Gray GC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnes AN;Davaasuren A;Baasandavga U;Lantos PM;Gonchigoo B;Gray GC
隐孢子虫。和十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫是人类、动物和环境共同关注的重要人畜共患肠道病原体。在这项研究中，我们调查了蒙古农村、城市周边和城市家庭和环境中寄生虫的流行情况和危险因素。这项横断面研究在250个家庭站点进行了一项家庭风险因素调查，并从人、动物、苍蝇和饮用水中收集了样本。采用多重实时荧光聚合酶链式反应技术寻找隐孢子虫。和/或十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫。实验室分析发现，20%的参与家庭(51/250)有一种或两种人畜共患寄生虫。人的寄生虫感染率为6.4%(27/419)，家畜的寄生虫感染率为3.3%(19/570)，粪蝇的寄生率为14.8%(17/115)，饮用水的寄生虫感染率为2%(5/250)。家庭中寄生虫的存在与家庭使用改善的饮用水水源(OR 0.27；CI 0.12-0.61；p=<；0.01)、拥有室内洗手场(OR 0.41；CI 0.19-0.92；p=0.03)、饲养家畜(OR 2.40；CI 1.02-5.65；p=0.05)以及农村地区(OR 0.50；CI 0.25-0.98；p=0.04)显著相关。在多变量模型中，家庭使用改进的饮用水来源仍然显著(OR 0.16；CI 0.04-0.68；p=0.01)。在蒙古，公共卫生和兽医卫生相互交织，特别是对农村牧民家庭而言。增加获得安全饮用水、环境卫生和个人卫生基础设施的机会可有助于防止人畜共患肠道寄生虫的进一步传播。公共卫生干预、政策和宣传应利用一个由地方人类和动物卫生部门联合领导的“一个卫生框架”。人畜共患隐孢子虫肠道寄生虫和十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫是一个关注人类、动物和环境健康的健康问题。在这项研究中，结合家庭危险因素调查，从蒙古农村、城市周边和城市地区的250户家庭采集了人、动物、蝇和水的样本。20%的家庭(n=51)至少有一份样本隐孢子虫呈阳性。和/或十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫，有几个家庭在多种样本类型中显示存在寄生虫(9.8%，5/51)。使用未经改善的饮用水、无法使用室内洗手点、位于农村地区、拥有动物的家庭与寄生虫率较高有关。我们的发现表明，人畜共患肠道寄生虫的暴露发生在家庭一级，并来自不同的宿主、病媒和车辆。预防疾病进一步传播的公共卫生努力应集中于增加水、环境卫生和个人卫生措施以及人类和动物保健学科之间的一项卫生合作。
Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are important zoonotic enteric pathogens of One Health concern for humans, animals, and the environment. For this study, we investigated parasite prevalence and risk factors among rural, peri-urban, and urban households and environments of Mongolia. This cross-sectional study implemented a household risk factor survey at 250 home sites along with sample collection from humans, animals, flies, and drinking water. Multiplex real-time PCR analysis was conducted to look for Cryptosporidium spp. and/or Giardia duodenalis within household samples. Lab analysis found one or both zoonotic parasites at 20% of the participating households (51/250). Human samples had a parasite prevalence of 6.4% (27/419), domestic animals at 3.3% (19/570), pooled filth flies at 14.8% (17/115), and drinking water samples at 2% (5/250). Parasite presence at the household was significantly associated with a household’s use of an improved drinking water source (OR 0.27; CI 0.12–0.61; p = < 0.01), having an indoor handwashing site (OR 0.41; CI 0.19–0.92; p = 0.03), domestic animal ownership (OR 2.40; CI 1.02–5.65; p = 0.05), and rural location (OR 0.50; CI 0.25–0.98; p = 0.04). Household use of an improved drinking water source remained significant in the multivariate model (OR 0.16; CI 0.04–0.68; p = 0.01). In Mongolia, public and veterinary health are intertwined, particularly for rural herding households. Increased access to safe water, sanitation and hygiene infrastructure could help prevent further transmission of zoonotic enteric parasites. Public health interventions, policy and messaging should utilize a One Health framework employing joint leadership from local human and animal health sectors. The zoonotic enteric parasites of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are a One Health concern for human, animal and environmental health. In this study, human, animal, fly, and water samples were collected from 250 households in rural, peri-urban and urban areas of Mongolia in conjunction with a household risk factor survey. Twenty percent of the households (n = 51) had at least one sample positive for Cryptosporidium spp. and/or Giardia duodenalis with several households demonstrating parasite presence in multiple sample types (9.8%, 5/51). Households that used unimproved drinking water, did not have access to an indoor handwashing site, were located in rural areas, and owned animals were associated with higher rates of parasite presence. Our findings show that zoonotic enteric parasite exposure is occurring at the household level and from different hosts, vectors, and vehicles. Public health efforts to prevent the further spread of disease should concentrate on increased water, sanitation and hygiene measures and One Health collaboration between human and animal health care disciplines.
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.13-0271
发表时间：
2014-01
期刊：
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hong SH;Anu D;Jeong YI;Abmed D;Cho SH;Lee WJ;Lee SE
通讯作者：
Lee SE
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Barnes AN;Davaasuren A;Baasandagva U;Gray GC
通讯作者：
Gray GC
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Clavel, A;Doiz, O;Gómez-Lus, R
通讯作者：
Gómez-Lus, R
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Chavasse, DC;Shler, RP;Akhtar, T
通讯作者：
Akhtar, T
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Blackburn, Jason K.;Curtis, Andrew;Hugh-Jones, Martin E.
通讯作者：
Hugh-Jones, Martin E.