Conditional expression of HIV-1 tat in the mouse alters the onset and progression of tonic, inflammatory and neuropathic hypersensitivity in a sex-dependent manner.

Conditional expression of HIV-1 tat in the mouse alters the onset and progression of tonic, inflammatory and neuropathic hypersensitivity in a sex-dependent manner.
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HIV-1 TAT在小鼠中的有条件表达改变了以性依赖性方式的增强性,炎症性和神经性超敏反应的发作和进展。

DOI:
10.1002/ejp.1618
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发表时间:
2020-09
期刊:
European journal of pain (London, England)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Damaj MI
Damaj MI
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bagdas D;Paris JJ;Carper M;Wodarski R;Rice ASC;Knapp PE;Hauser KF;Damaj MI

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至少三分之一的 HIV-1 感染者患有周围神经病变。尽管根本机制尚不清楚,但它们可能涉及神经毒性 HIV-1 蛋白。我们使用转基因雄性和雌性转基因小鼠评估了神经毒性 HIV-1 调节蛋白 Tat 对炎症和神经性伤害行为的影响,这些转基因小鼠在中枢和周围神经系统中表达神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白的胶质细胞中条件性表达(或不表达)HIV-1 Tat1-86。 Tat诱导显着减少了雄性和雌性小鼠注射福尔马林(2.5%,i.pl.)后舔爪所花费的时间。然而,Tat 激活后完全弗氏佐剂 (CFA) 注射(10%,i.pl.)后,在炎症的发生和程度以及感觉敏感性方面观察到显着的性别差异。与雌性小鼠不同,在 Tat 诱导后,雄性小鼠对 CFA 的反应表现出爪子肿胀显着减轻,并且没有机械/热过敏反应。与雌性 Tat(+) 小鼠相比,雄性 Tat(+) 小鼠还表现出从慢性缩窄性神经损伤 (CCI) 诱导的神经性机械和热超敏反应中恢复的速度更快。吗啡 (3.2 mg/kg) 完全逆转雌性 Tat(-) 小鼠中 CCI 诱导的机械超敏反应,但不能逆转 Tat(+) 雌性小鼠。 Tat 减少水肿、爪肿胀和限制异常性疼痛的能力表明,Tat 诱导的功能缺陷先于机械过敏的发生。此外,HIV-1 Tat 以性别依赖性方式减弱对炎症和神经性损伤的反应。 HIV-1 Tat 似乎直接导致 HIV 感觉神经病,并揭示了 HIV 反应性和/或潜在的周围神经炎症和伤害性机制的性别差异。
At least one third of HIV-1-afflicted individuals experience peripheral neuropathy. Although the underlying mechanisms are not known, they may involve neurotoxic HIV-1 proteins. We assessed the influence of the neurotoxic HIV-1 regulatory protein, Tat, on inflammatory and neuropathic nociceptive behaviors using transgenic male and female transgenic mice that conditionally expressed (or did not express) HIV-1 Tat1–86 in glial fibrillary acidic protein-expressing glia in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Tat induction significantly attenuated the time spent paw-licking following formalin injection (2.5%, i.pl.) in both male and female mice. However, significant sex differences were observed in the onset and magnitude of inflammation and sensory sensitivity following complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) injection (10%, i.pl.) after Tat activation. Unlike female mice, males showed a significant attenuation of paw swelling and an absence of mechanical/thermal hypersensitivity in response to CFA after Tat induction. Male Tat(+) mice also showed accelerated recovery from chronic constrictive nerve injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity compared to female Tat(+) mice. Morphine (3.2 mg/kg) fully reversed CCI-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in female Tat(−) mice, but not in Tat(+) females. The ability of Tat to decrease edema, paw swelling, and limit allodynia suggest a sequela of events in which Tat-induced functional deficits precede the onset of mechanical hypersensitivity. Moreover, HIV-1 Tat attenuated responses to inflammatory and neuropathic insults in a sex-dependent manner. HIV-1 Tat appears to directly contribute to HIV sensory neuropathy and reveals sex differences in HIV responsiveness and/or the underlying peripheral neuroinflammatory and nociceptive mechanisms.
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