Bilingualism enhances attentional control in non-verbal conflict tasks – evidence from ex-Gaussian analyses*

Bilingualism enhances attentional control in non-verbal conflict tasks – evidence from ex-Gaussian analyses*
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双语增强非语言冲突任务中的注意力控制——来自前高斯分析的证据*

DOI:
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
A. Krott
A. Krott
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
Beinan Zhou;A. Krott

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双语者被发现具有认知优势。但这种优势的性质尚不清楚。虽然一些证据表明,双语者已经开发了增强的抑制控制能力,其他证据表明,他们拥有增强的注意力控制能力。本研究采用三种非言语冲突任务(Flanker任务、空间Stroop任务和Simon任务)对英语单语和英汉双语青年进行了测试。Ex-Gaussian分析被用来检查响应时间分布。两组受试者的刺激-反应一致性对反应分布的高斯部分(μ)的影响相当,但对分布尾部(τ)的影响不同,双语者的尾部减少,特别是在要求更高的不一致条件下。这些结果表明,双语优势来自更好的持续注意力和注意力监控,而不是抑制。我们还讨论了前高斯分析的有用性。
Bilinguals have been found to possess cognitive advantages. But the nature of this advantage is unclear. While some evidence suggests that bilinguals have developed enhanced inhibitory control abilities, other evidence suggests that they possess enhanced attentional control abilities. In the current study, English monolingual and English–Chinese bilingual young adults were tested in three non-verbal conflict tasks (Flanker task, Spatial Stroop task and Simon task). Ex-Gaussian analyses were utilized to inspect response time distributions. The two participant groups showed comparable effects of stimulus-response congruency on the Gaussian part of response distributions (μ), but different effects on the distribution tails (τ), with reduced tails for bilingual speakers particularly in the more demanding incongruent condition. These results suggest that bilingual advantage emerges from better sustained attention and attentional monitoring rather than inhibition. We also discuss the usefulness of ex-Gaussian analyses.
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