Increased Risk of Group B Streptococcus Invasive Infection in HIV-Exposed but Uninfected Infants: A Review of the Evidence and Possible Mechanisms.
Increased Risk of Group B Streptococcus Invasive Infection in HIV-Exposed but Uninfected Infants: A Review of the Evidence and Possible Mechanisms.
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B组链球菌在艾滋病毒暴露但未感染的婴儿中的风险增加：证据和可能的机制的综述。
DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2016.00505
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Goetghebuer T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dauby N;Chamekh M;Melin P;Slogrove AL;Goetghebuer T
B群链球菌（GBS）是全世界新生儿败血症和死亡的主要原因。来自发达国家和发展中国家的研究表明，与未接触艾滋病毒的未感染婴儿（HUU）相比，接触艾滋病毒但未感染艾滋病毒的婴儿（HEU）患传染性疾病的风险更高。据报道，HEU婴儿对GBS感染的易感性更高，特别是迟发性疾病和更严重的GBS疾病表现。我们在此回顾对GBS感染易感性增加的可能解释。妊娠期母体GBS定殖是早发性GBS侵袭性疾病的主要危险因素，但hiv感染孕妇的定殖率并不高于未感染hiv的孕妇，而一些研究表明，hiv感染妇女的选择性定殖毒性更强。低血清型特异性GBS母体抗体转移和HEU婴儿先天免疫反应的定量和定性缺陷可能是GBS侵袭性疾病风险增加的原因。母亲抗逆转录病毒治疗的影响及其后果对HEU新生儿免疫激活是重要的研究。产妇免疫是一种很有希望的干预措施，可以在不断增长的高浓血症人群中减少GBS负担。
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of neonatal sepsis and mortality worldwide. Studies from both developed and developing countries have shown that HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) infants are at increased risk of infectious morbidity, as compared to HIV-unexposed uninfected infants (HUU). A higher susceptibility to GBS infections has been reported in HEU infants, particularly late-onset diseases and more severe manifestations of GBS diseases. We review here the possible explanations for increased susceptibility to GBS infection. Maternal GBS colonization during pregnancy is a major risk factor for early-onset GBS invasive disease, but colonization rates are not higher in HIV-infected compared to HIV-uninfected pregnant women, while selective colonization with more virulent strains in HIV-infected women is suggested in some studies. Lower serotype-specific GBS maternal antibody transfer and quantitative and qualitative defects of innate immune responses in HEU infants may play a role in the increased risk of GBS invasive disease. The impact of maternal antiretroviral treatment and its consequences on immune activation in HEU newborns are important to study. Maternal immunization presents a promising intervention to reduce GBS burden in the growing HEU population.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
Brandis, M
影响因子：
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