RNase H and multiple RNA biogenesis factors cooperate to prevent RNA:DNA hybrids from generating genome instability.

RNase H and multiple RNA biogenesis factors cooperate to prevent RNA:DNA hybrids from generating genome instability.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2011.10.017
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发表时间:
2011-12-23
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Vuica-Ross, Milena
Vuica-Ross, Milena
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wahba, Lamia;Amon, Jeremy D.;Koshland, Douglas;Vuica-Ross, Milena

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基因组不稳定是癌症进展的标志,被认为是由DNA双链断裂(DSBs)引起的。对酵母和哺乳动物细胞的研究表明,DSBs和不稳定性可以通过RNA延伸和剪接缺陷产生的RNA- dna杂交发生。我们报道,在酵母中,杂交自然形成在野生型细胞的许多位点上,可能是由于转录错误,但被两个进化上保守的RNase H酶去除。在转录抑制、RNA输出和RNA降解方面有缺陷的突变体表现出杂交形成增加和相关的基因组不稳定性。其中一个突变体sin3Δ改变了杂交体的基因组图谱,增强了核糖体DNA的形成。通过Rad52病灶检测,杂种可能会引起G1、S和G2/M的损伤。总之,RNA-DNA杂交是改变基因组结构的有力来源。通过阻止它们的形成和积累,多种RNA生物发生因子和RNAse H作为基因组的守护者。
Genome instability, a hallmark of cancer progression, is thought to arise through DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Studies in yeast and mammalian cells have shown that DSBs and instability can occur through RNA-DNA hybrids generated by defects in RNA elongation and splicing. We report that in yeast hybrids naturally form at many loci in wild-type cells, likely due to transcriptional errors, but are removed by two evolutionarily conserved RNase H enzymes. Mutants defective in transcriptional repression, RNA export and RNA degradation show increased hybrid formation and associated genome instability. One mutant, sin3Δ, changes the genome profile of hybrids, enhancing formation at ribosomal DNA. Hybrids likely induce damage in G1, S and G2/M as assayed by Rad52 foci. In summary, RNA-DNA hybrids are a potent source for changing genome structure. By preventing their formation and accumulation, multiple RNA biogenesis factors and RNAse H act as guardians of the genome.
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