SARS-CoV-2 Envelope (E) Protein Binds and Activates TLR2 Pathway: A Novel Molecular Target for COVID-19 Interventions.

SARS-CoV-2 Envelope (E) Protein Binds and Activates TLR2 Pathway: A Novel Molecular Target for COVID-19 Interventions.
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DOI:
10.3390/v14050999
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发表时间:
2022-05-08
期刊:
Viruses
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--
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其他
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本文介绍了 SARS-CoV-2 包膜 (E) 蛋白与 TLR2 之间相互作用的分子特征。我们证明,E 蛋白作为重组可溶性蛋白和与 SARS-CoV-2 病毒颗粒相关的天然膜蛋白,以特定且剂量依赖性的方式与 TLR2 受体发生物理相互作用。此外,我们发现与 TLR2 通路的特异性相互作用会激活 NF-κB 转录因子并刺激 CXCL8 炎症趋化因子的产生。与 NF-κB 在 TLR 信号通路中的重要性相一致,我们发现该转录因子的化学抑制会导致 CXCL8 产生的显着抑制,而 P38 和 ERK1/2 MAP 激酶的阻断仅导致部分 CXCL8 抑制。总体而言,我们的研究结果提出包膜 (E) 蛋白作为 COVID-19 干预措施的新分子靶标:(i) 通过探索抗 E 阻断/中和抗体对有症状的 COVID-19 患者的治疗效果,或 (ii) 作为有前途的非尖峰 SARS-CoV-2 候选抗原,用于开发针对 COVID-19 感染和疾病的下一代预防性疫苗。
This paper presents a molecular characterization of the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) protein and TLR2. We demonstrated that the E protein, both as a recombinant soluble protein and as a native membrane protein associated with SARS-CoV-2 viral particles, interacts physically with the TLR2 receptor in a specific and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we showed that the specific interaction with the TLR2 pathway activates the NF-κB transcription factor and stimulates the production of the CXCL8 inflammatory chemokine. In agreement with the importance of NF-κB in the TLR signaling pathway, we showed that the chemical inhibition of this transcription factor leads to significant inhibition of CXCL8 production, while the blockade of the P38 and ERK1/2 MAP kinases only results in partial CXCL8 inhibition. Overall, our findings propose the envelope (E) protein as a novel molecular target for COVID-19 interventions: either (i) by exploring the therapeutic effect of anti-E blocking/neutralizing antibodies in symptomatic COVID-19 patients, or (ii) as a promising non-spike SARS-CoV-2 antigen candidate for inclusion in the development of next-generation prophylactic vaccines against COVID-19 infection and disease.
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