Albatross chicks reveal interactions of adults with artisanal longline fisheries within a short range
Albatross chicks reveal interactions of adults with artisanal longline fisheries within a short range
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信天翁雏鸟揭示了成年信天翁与手工延绳钓渔业在短范围内的相互作用
DOI：
10.1007/s10336-018-1579-3
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Watanuki Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thiebot JB;Nishizawa B;Sato F;Tomita N;Watanuki Y
渔业中的附带捕获（“兼捕”）是对全球海洋生物多样性的一个重大威胁，特别是对信天翁等低繁殖力物种。工业化渔业已努力减少副渔获物，但海鸟与个体或小规模船队相互作用的规模在很大程度上仍不清楚。鸟岛（日本）是两种信天翁（短尾信天翁和黑脚信天翁）的重要繁殖地。nigripes），也位于灿烂alfonsinoBeryx splendens的手工延绳钓渔业的范围内。在2017年2月至3月，我们跟踪了23次成年P的觅食旅行。通过全球定位系统（GPS）监测了黑腹鱼喂养雏鸟的情况，并使用金属探测器监测了巢穴中渔具的普遍程度。这些信天翁的觅食范围是从鸟岛的最大280公里，只有3.7%的GPS位置发生在浅栖息地的金眼鲷渔业（水深150-500米），这表明相对较低的风险的相互作用。190窝（54.3%）。黑猩猩的巢或雏鸟内有渔具，其中12只（3.4%）的巢或雏鸟内有鱼钩或不明金属物体。从P.信天翁巢所有发现的鱼钩，除了一个，都来自金眼鲷渔业，这表明两个目标信天翁物种实际上在海上与这个渔业相互作用。这两种研究方法都只提供了返回鸟类的数据，并没有反映海上可能的致命病例。监测副渔获物的亚致命影响和鼓励小规模渔业报告海上渔具丢失是进一步帮助量化和减少渔业对海鸟影响的两种可能性。
Incidental capture in fisheries (“bycatch”) is a major threat to global marine biodiversity, especially to those species with low fecundity, such as albatrosses. Efforts to reduce bycatch have been undertaken in industrial fisheries, but the scale of seabird interactions with artisanal or small-scale fleets remains largely unknown. The island of Torishima (Japan) is an important breeding site for two albatross species (short-tailedPhoebastria albatrusand black-footedP. nigripes) and also lies in the range of the artisanal longline fishery for the splendid alfonsinoBeryx splendens. In February–March 2017, we tracked 23 foraging trips of adultP. nigripesfeeding chicks by Global Positioning System (GPS) and monitored the prevalence of fishing gear at the nests using a metal detector. The foraging range of these albatrosses was a maximum of 280 km from Torishima, and only 3.7% of the GPS locations occurred over the shallow habitats targeted by the alfonsino fishery (water depth 150–500 m), suggesting relatively low risks of interaction. However, 190 (54.3%) nests ofP. nigripescontained fishing gear, among which 12 (3.4%) nests or chicks contained a hook or an unidentified metallic object. Six hooks were also collected fromP. albatrusnests. All found hooks, except one, originated from the alfonsino fishery, indicating that both targeted albatross species actually interacted with this fishery at sea. Both research approaches provided data from returning birds only and did not reflect possible lethal cases at sea. Monitoring the sub-lethal effects of bycatch and encouraging small-scale fisheries to report gear lost at sea are two possibilities to further help quantify and reduce the impact of fisheries on seabirds.
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发表时间：
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