Reaping the Benefits of Genomic and Proteomic Research: Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation, and Public Health
Reaping the Benefits of Genomic and Proteomic Research: Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation, and Public Health
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收获基因组和蛋白质组研究的好处：知识产权、创新和公共卫生
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Mazza
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Merrill;A. Mazza
人类遗传物质和蛋白质的专利和许可证发放是知识产权延伸到自然产生的生物材料和科学信息，其中许多是药物和其他疾病治疗的上游。本报告的结论是，知识产权限制很少对生物医学研究造成重大负担，但有理由担心其对该领域科学进步的未来影响。该报告建议政策制定者、法院、大学、卫生和专利官员采取13项行动，以防止日益复杂的知识产权保护网络阻碍基因组和蛋白质组研究的潜在突破。它赞同美国国立卫生研究院关于技术许可、数据共享和研究材料交换的指导方针，并表示应加强对合规性的监督。它建议对专利发明的研究制定一项免于侵权责任的法定例外，并在一定程度上提高生物技术上游研究发现获得专利的资格。关于检测与某些疾病有关的患者突变的基因诊断测试，报告敦促专利持有人允许其他人进行测试，以核实结果。
The patenting and licensing of human genetic material and proteins represents an extension of intellectual property (IP) rights to naturally occurring biological material and scientific information, much of it well upstream of drugs and other disease therapies. This report concludes that IP restrictions rarely impose significant burdens on biomedical research, but there are reasons to be apprehensive about their future impact on scientific advances in this area. The report recommends 13 actions that policy-makers, courts, universities, and health and patent officials should take to prevent the increasingly complex web of IP protections from getting in the way of potential breakthroughs in genomic and proteomic research. It endorses the National Institutes of Health guidelines for technology licensing, data sharing, and research material exchanges and says that oversight of compliance should be strengthened. It recommends enactment of a statutory exception from infringement liability for research on a patented invention and raising the bar somewhat to qualify for a patent on upstream research discoveries in biotechnology. With respect to genetic diagnostic tests to detect patient mutations associated with certain diseases, the report urges patent holders to allow others to perform the tests for purposes of verifying the results.
DOI：
10.1001/jama.1997.03540390054035
发表时间：
1997-04
期刊：
JAMA
影响因子：
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作者：
D. Blumenthal;E. Campbell;Melissa S. Anderson;N. Causino;K. Louis
通讯作者：
D. Blumenthal;E. Campbell;Melissa S. Anderson;N. Causino;K. Louis
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
HALL, JM;LEE, MK;KING, MC
通讯作者：
KING, MC