Acute Exposure to Commonly Ingested Emulsifiers Alters Intestinal Mucus Structure and Transport Properties.
Acute Exposure to Commonly Ingested Emulsifiers Alters Intestinal Mucus Structure and Transport Properties.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-27957-2
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发表时间：
2018-07-03
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Carrier RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lock JY;Carlson TL;Wang CM;Chen A;Carrier RL
通常被认为是安全的乳化剂的消费量增加了，并且与炎症性肠和代谢性疾病的患病率增加以及微生物组的改变有关。粘液屏障有选择地控制微粒和微生物向下层上皮层的运输，先前已被证明可被膳食盐和脂类改变。然而，乳化剂对保护性黏液屏障、其渗透性和相关结构变化的潜在影响尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们分析了暴露于两种乳化剂，羧甲基纤维素（CMC）和聚山酸酯80 （Tween）后，粘液屏障对被动扩散纳米颗粒和主动游动的大肠杆菌的变化。暴露于CMC时，黏液孔径减小，导致大肠杆菌速度和颗粒通过黏液的扩散速率明显减慢。吐温暴露对黏液微观结构和颗粒扩散影响最小，但增加了黏液中的大肠杆菌速度。此外，这两种乳化剂似乎都改变了大鼠肠组织和产生黏液的细胞培养的黏液的数量和厚度。这些结果表明，急性暴露于乳化剂会影响肠道粘液的屏障和结构特性，调节肠道内腔内容物、微生物和底层组织之间的相互作用，这可能有助于肠道炎症的发展。
The consumption of generally regarded as safe emulsifiers has increased, and has been associated with an increased prevalence of inflammatory bowel and metabolic diseases, as well as an altered microbiome. The mucus barrier, which selectively controls the transport of particulates and microorganisms to the underlying epithelial layer, has been previously shown to be altered by dietary salts and lipids. However, the potential impact of emulsifiers on the protective mucus barrier, its permeability, and associated structural changes are not clear. In this study, we analyzed changes in the mucus barrier to both passively diffusing nanoparticles and actively swimming E. coli upon exposure to two emulsifiers, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and polysorbate 80 (Tween). When exposed to CMC, mucus pore size decreased, which resulted in significantly slower E. coli speed and particle diffusion rates through mucus. Tween exposure minimally impacted mucus microstructure and particle diffusion, but increased E. coli speed in mucus. Moreover, both emulsifiers appeared to alter mucus amount and thickness in rat intestinal tissue and mucus-producing cell cultures. These results indicate that acute exposure to emulsifiers impacts barrier and structural properties of intestinal mucus, modulating interactions between intestinal lumen contents, microbes, and underlying tissue, which may contribute to development of intestinal inflammation.
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