Fungal outbreak in the Catacombs of SS. Marcellino and Pietro Rome (Italy): From diagnosis to an emergency treatment.
Fungal outbreak in the Catacombs of SS. Marcellino and Pietro Rome (Italy): From diagnosis to an emergency treatment.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2022.982933
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
本研究报告了一个突然的真菌爆发，发生在走廊附近的入口处的地下墓穴SS。Marcellino和Pietro在罗马（意大利）进行了一年的修复治疗后，对地下墓穴入口的墙壁和一些放置在原地的文物感兴趣。在入口处的拱顶上观察到了殖民化，并与走廊左侧展示的修复大理石碎片相对应。在放置类似处理的大理石板的右侧没有观察到生长。与真菌生物膜对应的样品通过显微镜、培养和分子工具的组合使用进行分析，并显示拱顶和走廊入口的左侧被主要由Coniophora sp.和其他属组成的复杂真菌生物膜定殖，所述其他属例如Hypomyces、Purpureocillium、Acremonium、Penicillium和Alternaria，其中许多是众所周知的造成石头表面生物退化的原因。至于褐腐担子菌Coniophora，它能够在基质上形成直径高达57厘米的非常大的菌落。虽然在光学显微镜下的直接观察证明存在丰富的棕色真菌分生孢子，但几次尝试培养微生物失败，因此只有通过DNA测序分析，才有可能鉴定和表征这种真菌。Coniophora是引起建筑物木材湿腐的主要原因之一，但文献报道甚少。已证明与砖和砂浆等含钙材料有关，但没有关于这一物种在石头生物退化中可能发挥的作用的数据。本研究的特点是首次发现的菌株有关的担子菌属的Coniophora在该命令Boletales与明显的生物退化现象。
The present study reports a sudden fungal outbreak that occurred in the corridor near the entrance of the Catacombs of SS. Marcellino and Pietro in Rome (Italy) observed after 1 year of a restoration treatment that interested the walls of the entrance of the Catacombs and some artifacts placed in situ. The colonization was observed on the vault at the entrance and in correspondence with the restored marble pieces displayed on the left side of the corridor. No growth was observed on the right side where similarly treated marble slabs were placed. Samples taken in correspondence with fungal biofilm were analyzed through the combined use of microscopical, cultural, and molecular tools and showed that the vault and the left side of the corridor entrance were colonized by a complex fungal biofilm consisting mainly of Coniophora sp. and other genera, such as Hypomyces, Purpureocillium, Acremonium, Penicillium, and Alternaria, many of which are well known as responsible of biodeterioration of stone surfaces. Regarding the brown-rot basidiomycete Coniophora, it was able to form very large colonies on the substrata with a diameter of up to 57 cm. Although the direct observation under a light microscope evidenced the presence of abundant brown fungal conidia, several attempts to cultivate the microorganism failed, therefore only through DNA sequencing analyses, it was possible to identify and characterize this fungus. There is very little literature on the genus Coniophora which is reported as one of the causes of wet-rot decay of wood in buildings. A connection with calcium-containing materials such as bricks and mortars was demonstrated, but no data were available about the possible role of this species in the biodeterioration of stones. This study features the first finding of a strain related to the basidiomycetous genus of Coniophora in the order Boletales in association with evident phenomena of biodeterioration.
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影响因子：
3
作者：
Bruno, Laura;Rugnini, Lorenza;Ellwood, Neil Thomas William
通讯作者：
Ellwood, Neil Thomas William
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jurado, Valme;Fernandez-Cortes, Angel;Saiz-Jimenez, Cesareo
通讯作者：
Saiz-Jimenez, Cesareo
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
De Leo, Filomena;Iero, Agnese;Urzi, Clara E.
通讯作者：
Urzi, Clara E.
影响因子：
0.8
作者：
FLORIAN, MLE
通讯作者：
FLORIAN, MLE
影响因子：
2
作者：
Brighetti, M. A.;Costa, C.;Travaglini, A.
通讯作者：
Travaglini, A.