Early life adversity and psychopathology in preschoolers: mechanisms and moderators.

Early life adversity and psychopathology in preschoolers: mechanisms and moderators.
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学龄前儿童的早期生活逆境和精神病理学:机制和调节因素。

DOI:
10.1007/s00787-023-02295-5
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
6.4
通讯作者:
Sheridan,MargaretA
Sheridan,MargaretA
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Davis,MeganM;Navarro,Esmeralda;Carpenter,KimberlyLH;Copeland,WilliamE;Small,Brian;Egger,HelenL;Sheridan,MargaretA

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发展理论表明,暴露于早期生活逆境(ELA)改变了发展中的情绪反应系统,预测了整个生命周期的精神病理学风险。本研究探讨是否负面情绪(NE),一种特质样的情绪,在幼儿期发展的措施,调解ELA和精神病理学之间的关联在一个有代表性的样本917学龄前儿童(法师= 3.84)。此外,我们探讨了认知控制,支持注意力集中和抑制,并已被确定为一个transdiagnosis的保护因素,缓和的影响,情绪高涨的逆境后的精神病理风险。我们利用父母报告的逆境,精神病理学,和NE和父母报告和任务为基础的认知控制措施。结构方程模型的横截面数据显示,NE部分介导ELA和精神病理学症状之间的联系。此外,父母报告的认知控制缓冲了这种联系,ELA通过NE对精神病理学的影响在低认知控制的儿童中比在高认知控制的儿童中更强。这些结果确定NE升高是ELA和精神病理学联系的一种机制,特别是在自上而下控制较差的儿童中,这使我们了解了暴露于不良环境的儿童中的关键风险和保护因素。
Developmental theories suggest that exposure to early life adversity (ELA) alters developing emotional response systems, predicting risk for psychopathology across the life span. The present study examines whether negative emotionality (NE), a trait-like measure of emotionality that develops during early childhood, mediates the association between ELA and psychopathology in a representative sample of 917 preschoolers (Mage= 3.84). Additionally, we explored whether cognitive control, which supports attentional focusing and inhibition and has been identified as a transdiagnostic protective factor, moderates the impact of heightened emotionality following adversity on psychopathology risk. We utilized parent report of adversity, psychopathology, and NE and parent report and task-based measures of cognitive control. Structural equation modeling of cross-sectional data revealed that NE partially mediated the link between ELA and psychopathology symptoms. Moreover, parent-reported cognitive control buffered this link such that the effect of ELA on psychopathology through NE was stronger in children with low versus high cognitive control. These results identify elevated NE as one mechanism linking ELA and psychopathology, specifically among children with poorer top-down control, informing our understanding of key risk and protective factors among adversity-exposed children.
DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12507
发表时间: 2016-03
期刊: Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines
影响因子: --
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