Assessing PM2.5 Exposures with High Spatiotemporal Resolution across the Continental United States.

Assessing PM2.5 Exposures with High Spatiotemporal Resolution across the Continental United States.
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DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b06121
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发表时间:
2016-05-03
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Schwartz J
Schwartz J
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Di Q;Kloog I;Koutrakis P;Lyapustin A;Wang Y;Schwartz J

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已经开发了一些模型来估计PM2.5暴露,包括基于卫星的气溶胶光学厚度模型、土地使用回归或化学传输模型模拟,所有这些模型都有优缺点。像归一化植被指数(NDVI),地表反射率,吸收气溶胶指数和流星体场的变量,也是关于PM2.5浓度的信息。我们的目标是建立一个混合模型,其中包括多种方法和输入变量,以提高模型的性能。为了解释复杂的大气机制,我们使用了神经网络,因为它能够模拟非线性和相互作用。我们使用卷积层,将相邻信息聚合到神经网络中,以解决空间和时间自相关问题。我们从2000年到2012年训练了美国大陆的神经网络,并使用省略的显示器对其进行了测试。十重交叉验证显示了良好的模型性能,在遗漏的监视器上的总R2为0.84。美国东部和中部的区域R2可能更高。模型性能在低PM2.5浓度下仍然良好。然后,利用训练好的神经网络对1km × 1km网格单元的PM2.5进行逐日预测。该模型允许流行病学家在短期和长期内访问PM2.5暴露。
A number of models have been developed to estimate PM2.5 exposure, including satellite-based aerosol optical depth (AOD) models, land-use regression or chemical transport model simulation, all with both strengths and weaknesses. Variables like normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), surface reflectance, absorbing aerosol index and meteoroidal fields, are also informative about PM2.5 concentrations. Our objective is to establish a hybrid model which incorporates multiple approaches and input variables to improve model performance. To account for complex atmospheric mechanisms, we used a neural network for its capacity to model nonlinearity and interactions. We used convolutional layers, which aggregate neighboring information, into a neural network to account for spatial and temporal autocorrelation. We trained the neural network for the continental United States from 2000 to 2012 and tested it with left out monitors. Ten-fold cross-validation revealed a good model performance with total R2 of 0.84 on the left out monitors. Regional R2 could be even higher for the Eastern and Central United States. Model performance was still good at low PM2.5 concentrations. Then, we used the trained neural network to make daily prediction of PM2.5 at 1 km×1 km grid cells. This model allows epidemiologists to access PM2.5 exposure in both the short-term and the long-term.
DOI: 10.1097/ede.0b013e3181812bb7
发表时间: 2008-09
期刊: Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
影响因子: --
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