Phosphorylation of OsTGA5 by casein kinase II compromises its suppression of defense-related gene transcription in rice.
Phosphorylation of OsTGA5 by casein kinase II compromises its suppression of defense-related gene transcription in rice.
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DOI：
10.1093/plcell/koac164
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发表时间：
2022-08-25
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植物通过在正常生长过程中抑制防御基因的表达，并在病原体入侵时迅速开启防御基因，从而实现免疫激活的高成本。TGAs是控制防御基因表达的关键转录因子。然而，TGAs是如何发挥作用的，特别是在水稻等高水平内源水杨酸（SA）的单子叶植物中，仍然是一个谜。在这项研究中，我们通过转录抑制多种防御相关基因的表达，表征了OsTGA5作为水稻抗稻瘟病菌的负调控因子的作用。此外，OsTGA5抑制PTI反应和内源性SA的积累。重要的是，我们发现核定位的酪蛋白激酶II （CK2）复合物与Ser-32上的OsTGA5相互作用并使其磷酸化，从而降低OsTGA5对JIOsPR10启动子的亲和力，从而减轻对JIOsPR10转录的抑制并增加水稻抗性。此外，OsTGA5 Ser-32的体内磷酸化在爆炸真菌感染下增强。CK2 α亚基通过激酶活性正向调节水稻对稻瘟病菌的防御。综上所述，我们的研究结果提供了OsTGA5在稻瘟病菌入侵过程中负调控水稻防御相关基因转录和细胞核ck2介导的磷酸化所施加的抑制开关中的作用机制。核酪蛋白激酶II通过Ser32磷酸化减轻了OsTGA5对防御基因转录的抑制和水稻对稻瘟病菌的抗性。
Plants manage the high cost of immunity activation by suppressing the expression of defense genes during normal growth and rapidly switching them on upon pathogen invasion. TGAs are key transcription factors controlling the expression of defense genes. However, how TGAs function, especially in monocot plants like rice with continuously high levels of endogenous salicylic acid (SA) remains elusive. In this study, we characterized the role of OsTGA5 as a negative regulator of rice resistance against blast fungus by transcriptionally repressing the expression of various defense-related genes. Moreover, OsTGA5 repressed PTI responses and the accumulation of endogenous SA. Importantly, we showed that the nucleus-localized casein kinase II (CK2) complex interacts with and phosphorylates OsTGA5 on Ser-32, which reduces the affinity of OsTGA5 for the JIOsPR10 promoter, thereby alleviating the repression of JIOsPR10 transcription and increasing rice resistance. Furthermore, the in vivo phosphorylation of OsTGA5 Ser-32 was enhanced by blast fungus infection. The CK2 α subunit, depending on its kinase activity, positively regulated rice defense against blast fungus. Taken together, our results provide a mechanism for the role of OsTGA5 in negatively regulating the transcription of defense-related genes in rice and the repressive switch imposed by nuclear CK2-mediated phosphorylation during blast fungus invasion. Nuclear casein kinase II alleviates the suppression of OsTGA5 on the transcription of defense genes and rice resistance against blast fungus via phosphorylation on Ser32.
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