New insights into hydrothermal vent processes in the unique shallow-submarine arc-volcano, Kolumbo (Santorini), Greece.

New insights into hydrothermal vent processes in the unique shallow-submarine arc-volcano, Kolumbo (Santorini), Greece.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep02421
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Scoullos, Michael
Scoullos, Michael
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kilias, Stephanos P.;Nomikou, Paraskevi;Papanikolaou, Dimitrios;Polymenakou, Paraskevi N.;Godelitsas, Athanasios;Argyraki, Ariadne;Carey, Steven;Gamaletsos, Platon;Mertzimekis, Theo J.;Stathopoulou, Eleni;Goettlicher, Joerg;Steininger, Ralph;Betzelou, Konstantina;Livanos, Isidoros;Christakis, Christos;Bell, Katherine Croff;Scoullos, Michael

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We report on integrated geomorphological, mineralogical, geochemical and biological investigations of the hydrothermal vent field located on the floor of the density-stratified acidic (pH ~ 5) crater of the Kolumbo shallow-submarine arc-volcano, near Santorini. Kolumbo features rare geodynamic setting at convergent boundaries, where arc-volcanism and seafloor hydrothermal activity are occurring in thinned continental crust. Special focus is given to unique enrichments of polymetallic spires in Sb and Tl (±Hg, As, Au, Ag, Zn) indicating a new hybrid seafloor analogue of epithermal-to-volcanic-hosted-massive-sulphide deposits. Iron microbial-mat analyses reveal dominating ferrihydrite-type phases, and high-proportion of microbial sequences akin to "Nitrosopumilus maritimus", a mesophilic Thaumarchaeota strain capable of chemoautotrophic growth on hydrothermal ammonia and CO2. Our findings highlight that acidic shallow-submarine hydrothermal vents nourish marine ecosystems in which nitrifying Archaea are important and suggest ferrihydrite-type Fe3+-(hydrated)-oxyhydroxides in associated low-temperature iron mats are formed by anaerobic Fe2+-oxidation, dependent on microbially produced nitrate.
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