Climate Change and Heat-Related Excess Mortality in the Eastern USA.

Climate Change and Heat-Related Excess Mortality in the Eastern USA.
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DOI:
10.1007/s10393-018-1363-0
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发表时间:
2018-09
期刊:
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Patz JA
Patz JA
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Limaye VS;Vargo J;Harkey M;Holloway T;Patz JA

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气候变化将增加与极端高温相关的健康风险。为了量化本世纪中叶气候变化对健康的影响,我们评估了美国东部与热相关的超额死亡率。使用美国环境保护署的环境效益绘图和分析程序(BenMAP)估计健康风险。使用天气研究和预报模型缩小尺度的本世纪中叶温度估计值与36公里和12公里分辨率的2007年温度进行了比较。模型显示,夏季平均表观和实际温度分别上升4.5° C和3.3 °C。在65岁及以上人群中,平均表观温度升高可能导致每年因心血管应激而死亡的人数增加11,562人(95%置信区间,CI:2,641 - 20,095),而最低温度升高可能导致每年死亡人数增加8,767人(95% CI:5,030 - 12,475)。以粗(36公里)和细(12公里)分辨率提供的模拟未来气候数据预测,气候变暖将对人类健康产生重大影响。研究结果表明,目前关于未来气候的可用信息足以指导保护公众健康的区域规划。仍然需要更高分辨率的气候和人口数据,以便为更有针对性的干预措施提供信息。
Climate change will increase extreme heat related health risks. To quantify the health impacts of mid-century climate change, we assess heat-related excess mortality across the eastern United States. Health risks are estimated using the US Environmental Protection Agency’s Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program (BenMAP). Mid-century temperature estimates, downscaled using the Weather Research and Forecasting model, are compared to 2007 temperatures at 36 km and 12 km resolutions. Models indicate the average apparent and actual summer temperatures rise by 4.5° and 3.3 °C, respectively. Warmer average apparent temperatures could cause 11,562 additional annual deaths (95% Confidence Interval, CI: 2,641–20,095) due to cardiovascular stress in the population aged 65 years and above, while higher minimum temperatures could cause 8,767 (95% CI: 5,030–12,475) additional deaths each year. Modeled future climate data available at both coarse (36 km) and fine (12 km) resolutions predict significant human health impacts from warmer climates. The findings suggest that currently available information on future climates is sufficient to guide regional planning for the protection of public health. Higher resolution climate and demographic data are still needed to inform more targeted interventions.
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