Prevalence and demographic, substance use, and mental health correlates of fasting among U.S. college students.
Prevalence and demographic, substance use, and mental health correlates of fasting among U.S. college students.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40337-021-00443-3
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发表时间：
2021-07-21
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Nagata JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ganson KT;Rodgers RF;Murray SB;Nagata JM
禁食是一种不健康的行为，经常被用作减肥尝试的一部分。迄今为止，很少有研究来确定大学生禁食的流行率以及物质使用和心理健康的相关性。因此，本研究的目的是估计 2016 年至 2020 年大样本大学生中过去 4 周任何（≥ 1 次）和定期（≥ 13 次）禁食发生率以及物质使用与心理健康之间的关联。分析了国家（美国）健康心理研究的四个学术调查年（2016-2020 年；N = 8255）的数据。按调查年份和性别估计了未经调整的任意禁食和定期禁食的患病率。进行多重逻辑回归分析，以估计任何和定期禁食与人口统计学（年龄、体重指数、种族/民族、性取向、父母最高教育程度）、物质使用（吸烟、大麻使用、其他非法药物使用、饮酒）和心理健康（抑郁、焦虑、饮食失调症状、自杀意念、非自杀性自残）之间的关联。过去 4 周内禁食的情况在男性 (14.77%) 和女性 (18.12%) 中都很常见，而且从 2016 年 (10.30%) 到 2020 年 (19.81%)，仅男性显着增加。从 2016 年（男性：1.46%；女性：1.79%）到 2020 年（男性：3.53%；女性：6.19%），定期禁食的男性和女性均显着增加。在男性和女性中，过去 4 周内的任何一次禁食和定期禁食都与所有心理健康症状的发生率较高相关，包括积极的抑郁、焦虑和饮食失调筛查、自杀意念和非自杀性自残。在女性中，但在男性中，过去 4 周内任何定期禁食都与吸食大麻和其他非法药物（例如可卡因、摇头丸）的几率较高相关。这项研究的结果强调了全国大学生样本中禁食的流行率很高且不断增加，以及与这种行为相关的药物滥用和心理健康症状。校内外的医疗保健专业人员应考虑筛查大学生的禁食行为，并在需要时提供适当的干预。在线版本包含可在 10.1186/s40337-021-00443-3 获取的补充材料。禁食因其据称的好处（包括减肥和改善身体机能）最近引起了公众的关注。迄今为止，很少有研究来确定大学生中这种行为的普遍程度，以及与这种行为相关的人口特征、物质使用行为和心理健康症状。健康心理研究的四个调查年中，对 8000 多名大学生进行了抽样调查，结果表明，禁食在男女大学生中很常见，而且从 2016 年到 2020 年，这种现象有所增加。无论男女大学生，禁食都与心理健康状况不佳的指标有关，包括抑郁、焦虑、饮食失调症状、自杀意念和非自杀性自残（例如割伤、烧伤）。禁食与大学女性的物质使用行为有关，包括吸食大麻和其他非法药物（例如可卡因、摇头丸）。这些结果凸显了大学生中这种常见的减肥和补偿行为的不利相关性。在线版本包含可在 10.1186/s40337-021-00443-3 获取的补充材料。
Fasting is an unhealthy behavior that has been frequently used as part of weight loss attempts. To date, little research has been conducted to determine the prevalence and substance use and mental health correlates of fasting among college students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and associations between any (≥ 1 time) and regular (≥ 13 times) occurrences of fasting in the past 4 weeks and substance use and mental health correlates among a large sample of college students from 2016 to 2020. Data from four academic survey years (2016–2020; N = 8255) of the national (USA) Healthy Minds Study were analyzed. Unadjusted prevalence of any and regular fasting by survey year and gender was estimated. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the associations between any and regular fasting and the demographic (age, body mass index, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, highest parental education), substance use (cigarette use, marijuana use, other illicit drug use, alcohol use), and mental health (depression, anxiety, eating disorder symptoms, suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-injury) correlates. Any fasting in the past 4 weeks was common among both men (14.77%) and women (18.12%) and significantly increased from 2016 (10.30%) to 2020 (19.81%) only among men. Regular fasting significantly increased among both men and women from 2016 (men: 1.46%; women: 1.79%) to 2020 (men: 3.53%; women: 6.19%). Among men and women, both any and regular fasting in the past 4 weeks were associated with higher odds of all mental health symptoms, including a positive depression, anxiety, and eating disorder screen, suicidal ideation, and non-suicidal self-injury. Among women, but not men, any and regular fasting in the past 4 weeks were associated with higher odds of marijuana use and other illicit drug use (e.g., cocaine, ecstasy). The results from this study underscore both the high and increasing prevalence of fasting among a national sample of college students, as well as the substance use and mental health symptoms associated with this behavior. Healthcare professionals both on and off campus should consider screening for fasting behaviors among college students and provide appropriate intervention when needed. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40337-021-00443-3. Fasting has recently garnered public attention given its purported benefits, including weight loss and improved physical functioning. To date, little research has been conducted to determine the prevalence of this behavior among college students, as well as what demographic characteristics, substance use behaviors, and mental health symptoms are associated with this behavior. Results from a sample of over 8000 college students from four survey years of the Healthy Minds Study show that fasting is common among college men and women and has increased in prevalence from 2016 to 2020. Fasting is associated with indicators of poor mental health including depression, anxiety, eating disorder symptoms, suicidal ideation, and non-suicidal self-injury (e.g., cutting, burning), among both college men and women. Fasting is associated with substance use behaviors, including marijuana use and other illicit drug use (e.g., cocaine, ecstasy), among college women. These results highlight the adverse correlates of this common weight loss and compensatory behavior among college students. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40337-021-00443-3.
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Gollust, Sarah Elizabeth;Eisenberg, Daniel;Golberstein, Ezra
通讯作者：
Golberstein, Ezra
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Friedman, M. Reuel;Dodge, Brian;Reece, Michael
通讯作者：
Reece, Michael
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Eisenberg, Daniel;Hunt, Justin;Speer, Nicole
通讯作者：
Speer, Nicole
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Anderson, Charles B;Bulik, Cynthia M
通讯作者：
Bulik, Cynthia M
翻转代谢开关：了解和应用禁食的健康益处。
DOI：
10.1002/oby.22065
发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Anton SD;Moehl K;Donahoo WT;Marosi K;Lee SA;Mainous AG 3rd;Leeuwenburgh C;Mattson MP
通讯作者：
Mattson MP