The exception does not rule: attention constrains form preparation in word production.

The exception does not rule: attention constrains form preparation in word production.
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DOI:
10.1037/a0035576
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发表时间:
2014-05
期刊:
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Frazer AK
Frazer AK
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
O'Séaghdha PG;Frazer AK

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单词产生中的形式准备,即利用重复说出的小单词组的有用的共同声音(例如第一音素)的好处,是众所周知的挑剔,表现出一种看似分类的,全有或全无的特征,以及相应的对准备“杀手”的敏感性。特别是,在一组语音上一致的单词中存在单个例外项,会消除了解多数特征的好处。这被解释为意味着形式准备相当于部分生产,因此提供了一个窗口的基本过程的音韵词编码(例如,)。然而,准备只有完全分布的属性似乎是非最佳的,是难以调和的敏感性认知反应的概率在其他领域。我们在这里表明,所有或没有的形式准备的特点是特定的任务格式。准备集,包括一个例外项目发生在生态有效的生产任务,图片命名(实验1),和单词命名(实验2)。准备失败,只有在常用的,但间接和资源密集型,联想提示任务(实验3)。我们概述了一个帐户的形式准备,其中词首的语音片段的预期使用有限的能力,持续的注意力能力,点,而不是制定即将发言的可能性。
Form preparation in word production, the benefit of exploiting a useful common sound (such as the first phoneme) of iteratively spoken small groups of words, is notoriously fastidious, exhibiting a seemingly categorical, all-or-none character, and a corresponding susceptibility to ‘killers’ of preparation. In particular, the presence of a single exception item in a group of otherwise phonologically consistent words has been found to eliminate the benefit of knowing a majority characteristic. This has been interpreted to mean that form preparation amounts to partial production, and thus provides a window on fundamental processes of phonological word encoding (e.g.,). However, preparation of only fully distributed properties appears to be non-optimal, and is difficult to reconcile with the sensitivity of cognitive responses to probabilities in other domains. We show here that the all-or-none characteristic of form preparation is specific to task format. Preparation for sets that included an exception item occurred in ecologically valid production tasks, picture naming (Experiment 1), and word naming (Experiment 2). Preparation failed only in the commonly used, but indirect and resource-intensive, associative cuing task (Experiment 3). We outline an account of form preparation in which anticipation of word-initial phonological fragments uses a limited capacity, sustained attentional capability that points to rather than enacts possibilities for imminent speech.
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发表时间: 2002-06-01
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影响因子: --
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