Competition, Nodule Occupancy, and Persistence of Inoculant Strains: Key Factors in the Rhizobium-Legume Symbioses.
Competition, Nodule Occupancy, and Persistence of Inoculant Strains: Key Factors in the Rhizobium-Legume Symbioses.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2021.690567
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Sánchez-Cañizares C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mendoza-Suárez M;Andersen SU;Poole PS;Sánchez-Cañizares C
根瘤菌-豆科植物共生体的生物固氮代表了豆科作物中使用化学氮肥的环境友好且廉价的替代品。根瘤菌菌剂作为生物肥料在农业可持续发展中发挥着重要作用。然而，接种剂往往无法与固氮能力较差的原生根瘤菌竞争根瘤占有率，导致产量低。通常选择在受控条件下具有优异性能的菌株作为接种物，但很少研究与天然菌株相比的结核占用率。在农业周期后，通常由于共生基因从接种菌株转移到归化种群，在田间缺乏持久性，也限制了商业接种剂的适用性。当根瘤菌接种剂基于具有高固氮能力的天然菌株时，由于它们对当地环境的遗传适应性，它们通常在田间具有上级性能。因此，从实验室研究评估竞争和了解不同菌株的根瘤菌的行为，以及在田间条件下进行的测定，可以让我们利用本地人口的有效性选择为精英菌株和特定的主机品种根瘤菌菌株组合的知识。在这里，我们回顾了目前的知识在分子水平上的竞争力和评估竞争力的分子工具的进展。然后，我们描述了正在进行的方法，接种剂开发的基础上，本地菌株，并强调未来的前景和应用，使用多学科的方法，以确保最佳性能的共生伙伴。
Biological nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium-legume symbioses represents an environmentally friendly and inexpensive alternative to the use of chemical nitrogen fertilizers in legume crops. Rhizobial inoculants, applied frequently as biofertilizers, play an important role in sustainable agriculture. However, inoculants often fail to compete for nodule occupancy against native rhizobia with inferior nitrogen-fixing abilities, resulting in low yields. Strains with excellent performance under controlled conditions are typically selected as inoculants, but the rates of nodule occupancy compared to native strains are rarely investigated. Lack of persistence in the field after agricultural cycles, usually due to the transfer of symbiotic genes from the inoculant strain to naturalized populations, also limits the suitability of commercial inoculants. When rhizobial inoculants are based on native strains with a high nitrogen fixation ability, they often have superior performance in the field due to their genetic adaptations to the local environment. Therefore, knowledge from laboratory studies assessing competition and understanding how diverse strains of rhizobia behave, together with assays done under field conditions, may allow us to exploit the effectiveness of native populations selected as elite strains and to breed specific host cultivar-rhizobial strain combinations. Here, we review current knowledge at the molecular level on competition for nodulation and the advances in molecular tools for assessing competitiveness. We then describe ongoing approaches for inoculant development based on native strains and emphasize future perspectives and applications using a multidisciplinary approach to ensure optimal performance of both symbiotic partners.
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影响因子：
12.3
作者：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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