Social mobility and biological aging among older adults in the United States.
Social mobility and biological aging among older adults in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac029
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发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Belsky, Daniel W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graf, Gloria Huei-Jong;Zhang, Yalu;Domingue, Benjamin W.;Harris, Kathleen Mullan;Kothari, Meeraj;Kwon, Dayoon;Muennig, Peter;Belsky, Daniel W.
较低的社会经济地位与更快的生物衰老有关，随着年龄的增长，系统完整性逐渐和渐进地下降。因此，努力促进社会向上流动可能会延长健康的寿命。然而，最近的研究表明，向上流动也可能产生与跨越社会界限的压力有关的生物成本。我们使用2016年健康与退休研究（HRS）静脉血研究参与者的数据测试了生命过程社会流动性与生物衰老的关联，这些参与者提供了血液化学（n = 9，255）和/或DNA甲基化（DNAm）数据（n = 3，976）。我们使用童年家庭特征、教育程度和财富积累的数据量化了从童年到晚年的社会流动性。我们使用3个DNAm“时钟”和3个血液化学算法来量化生物衰老。我们在研究参与者中观察到大量的社会流动性。那些实现向上流动的人表现出不那么先进和较慢的生物老化。向上流动性与不太先进和较慢的老化的关联是一致的血液化学和DNA m生物老化的措施，并类似于男性和女性，黑人和白色美国人（Pearson-r效应大小为0.2血液化学措施和DNA m GrimAge时钟和DunedinPoAm老化速度措施; DNA m PhenoAge时钟的效应大小较小）。限制教育流动性的分析表明种族认同的差异影响;教育流动性和健康老龄化之间的中介联系可能会被结构性种族主义破坏。相比之下，产生财富积累的流动性似乎使白色和黑人美国人同样受益，这表明减少财富不平等的经济干预可能有可能治愈健康老龄化的差距。
Lower socioeconomic status is associated with faster biological aging, the gradual and progressive decline in system integrity that accumulates with advancing age. Efforts to promote upward social mobility may, therefore, extend healthy lifespan. However, recent studies suggest that upward mobility may also have biological costs related to the stresses of crossing social boundaries. We tested associations of life-course social mobility with biological aging using data from participants in the 2016 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) Venous Blood Study who provided blood-chemistry (n = 9,255) and/or DNA methylation (DNAm) data (n = 3,976). We quantified social mobility from childhood to later-life using data on childhood family characteristics, educational attainment, and wealth accumulation. We quantified biological aging using 3 DNAm “clocks” and 3 blood-chemistry algorithms. We observed substantial social mobility among study participants. Those who achieved upward mobility exhibited less-advanced and slower biological aging. Associations of upward mobility with less-advanced and slower aging were consistent for blood-chemistry and DNAm measures of biological aging, and were similar for men and women and for Black and White Americans (Pearson-r effect-sizes ∼0.2 for blood-chemistry measures and the DNAm GrimAge clock and DunedinPoAm pace-of-aging measures; effect-sizes were smaller for the DNAm PhenoAge clock). Analysis restricted to educational mobility suggested differential effects by racial identity; mediating links between educational mobility and healthy aging may be disrupted by structural racism. In contrast, mobility producing accumulation of wealth appeared to benefit White and Black Americans equally, suggesting economic intervention to reduce wealth inequality may have potential to heal disparities in healthy aging.
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