Electronic enhancement of tear secretion.
Electronic enhancement of tear secretion.
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电子撕裂分泌的电子增强。
DOI：
10.1088/1741-2560/13/1/016006
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Palanker D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brinton M;Chung JL;Kossler A;Kook KH;Loudin J;Franke M;Palanker D
研究电刺激泪腺和传入神经以增强泪液分泌，作为干眼病的潜在治疗方法。我们调查的反应途径和电参数，以安全地最大限度地提高泪液分泌。我们评估了泪液对电刺激泪腺和传入神经的反应。在急性研究中，使用植入下泪腺下方的双极铂箔电极和放置在传入筛神经附近的单极电极进行电刺激。将带有双极电极的无线微刺激器植入泪腺下方进行慢性研究。为了确定反应途径，我们应用了各种药理学抑制剂。为了优化刺激，我们测量了泪液分泌速率（Schirmer测试）作为脉冲幅度（1.5-12 mA）、持续时间（0.1-1 ms）和重复频率（10-100 Hz）的函数。刺激泪腺增加泪液分泌的参与传出副交感神经。撕裂增加刺激幅度，脉冲持续时间和重复频率，高达70赫兹。在70 Hz下使用3 mA、500 μs脉冲进行刺激，Schirmer评分增加4.5 mm（125%）。与长期植入动物的连续刺激（36%）相比，调制占空比进一步增加了流泪高达57%。筛窦（传入）神经刺激通过反射途径增加泪液分泌，与腺体刺激（3.6 mm）相似。在长期植入刺激器的动物中，每个脉冲的电荷密度（0.06-0.3 μC mm−2，170-680 μs脉冲）比损伤阈值（3.5 μC mm − 2，1 ms脉冲）低12倍，增加了近6 mm（57%）。泪腺或传入神经的电刺激可用作干眼病的治疗。临床试验应验证这种方法在患者的水泪液缺乏，并进一步优化电参数，以最大限度地发挥临床疗效。
To study electrical stimulation of the lacrimal gland and afferent nerves for enhanced tear secretion, as a potential treatment for dry eye disease. We investigate the response pathways and electrical parameters to safely maximize tear secretion. We evaluated the tear response to electrical stimulation of the lacrimal gland and afferent nerves in isofluorane-anesthetized rabbits. In acute studies, electrical stimulation was performed using bipolar platinum foil electrodes, implanted beneath the inferior lacrimal gland, and a monopolar electrode placed near the afferent ethmoid nerve. Wireless microstimulators with bipolar electrodes were implanted beneath the lacrimal gland for chronic studies. To identify the response pathways, we applied various pharmacological inhibitors. To optimize the stimulus, we measured tear secretion rate (Schirmer test) as a function of pulse amplitude (1.5–12 mA), duration (0.1–1 ms) and repetition rate (10–100 Hz). Stimulation of the lacrimal gland increased tear secretion by engaging efferent parasympathetic nerves. Tearing increased with stimulation amplitude, pulse duration and repetition rate, up to 70 Hz. Stimulation with 3 mA, 500 μs pulses at 70 Hz provided a 4.5 mm (125%) increase in Schirmer score. Modulating duty cycle further increased tearing up to 57%, compared to continuous stimulation in chronically implanted animals (36%). Ethmoid (afferent) nerve stimulation increased tearing similar to gland stimulation (3.6 mm) via a reflex pathway. In animals with chronically implanted stimulators, a nearly 6 mm increase (57%) was achieved with 12-fold less charge density per pulse (0.06–0.3 μC mm−2 with 170–680 μs pulses) than the damage threshold (3.5 μC mm−2 with 1 ms pulses). Electrical stimulation of the lacrimal gland or afferent nerves may be used as a treatment for dry eye disease. Clinical trials should validate this approach in patients with aqueous tear deficiency, and further optimize electrical parameters for maximum clinical efficacy.
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影响因子：
17.8
作者：
Dartt, Darlene A.
通讯作者：
Dartt, Darlene A.
影响因子：
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作者：
BOTELHO, SY;HISADA, M;FUENMAYO.N
通讯作者：
FUENMAYO.N
影响因子：
13.7
作者：
Sall, K;Stevenson, OD;Reis, BL
通讯作者：
Reis, BL
影响因子：
--
作者：
BOTELHO, SY;MARTINEZ, EV;DEPALAU, A
通讯作者：
DEPALAU, A
DOI：
10.1097/01.icl.0000060998.20142.8d
发表时间：
2003-04-01
期刊：
Eye & contact lens
影响因子：
--
作者：
Olson, Mary Catherine;Korb, Donald R;Greiner, Jack V
通讯作者：
Greiner, Jack V