Mechanisms of DNA damage by photoexcited 9-methyl-β-carbolines.

Mechanisms of DNA damage by photoexcited 9-methyl-β-carbolines.
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光激发 9-甲基-β-咔啉对 DNA 损伤的机制

DOI:
10.1039/c3ob40344k
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Cabrerizo
Cabrerizo
中科院分区:
化学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vignoni;Rasse-Suriani;Butzbach;Erra-Balsells;Cabrerizo

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β-咔啉生物碱,特别是9-甲基衍生物,是有效的光敏剂。然而,结构-活性关系缺失,并且涉及DNA光损伤的光化学机制仍然未知。在本工作中,我们研究了三种9-甲基-β-咔啉类化合物(9-甲基-去甲哈尔烷、9-甲基-哈尔烷和9-甲基-去氢骆驼蓬碱)在生理pH条件下对UVA激发的DNA损伤的能力,分析了损伤的类型和程度,以及所研究的β-咔啉衍生物的物理和结合性质。结果表明,即使在中性pH下,大部分DNA损伤也是由I型反应中受激β-咔啉的质子化形式产生的。氧化嘌呤残基的产生超过氧化嘧啶、单链断裂和碱基丢失位点。此外,β-咔啉的激发中性形式负责通过三重态-三重态-能量转移显著产生环丁烷嘧啶二聚体(CPD)。在9-甲基-去甲哈尔烷的情况下,CPD的产率在D2 O中增加,可能是由于在氘代溶剂中质子化速度较慢。
It has been well documented that β-carboline alkaloids, particularly the 9-methyl derivatives, are efficient photosensitizers. However, structure–activity relationships are missing and the photochemical mechanisms involved in the DNA photodamage still remain unknown. In the present work, we examined the capability of three 9-methyl-β-carbolines (9-methyl-norharmane, 9-methyl-harmane and 9-methyl-harmine) to induce DNA damage upon UVA excitation at physiological pH. The type and extent of the damage was analyzed together with the photophysical and binding properties of the β-carboline derivatives investigated. The results indicate that even at neutral pH most of the DNA damage is generated from the protonated form of the excited β-carbolines in a type-I reaction. Oxidized purine residues are produced in high excess over oxidized pyrimidines, single-strand breaks and sites of base loss. In addition, the excited neutral form of the β-carbolines is responsible for significant generation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) by triplet–triplet-energy transfer. In the case of 9-methyl-norharmane, the yield of CPDs is increased in D2O, probably due to less rapid protonation in the deuterated solvent.
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