Self-similarity of fluid residence time statistics in a turbulent round jet

Self-similarity of fluid residence time statistics in a turbulent round jet
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湍流圆形射流中流体停留时间统计的自相似性

DOI:
10.1017/jfm.2017.304
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Shin D
Shin D
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shin D

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流体停留时间是理解和设计化学反应流动的关键概念。为了研究湍流混合如何影响流动中的停留时间分布,本研究通过对雷诺数为7290的统计定常圆形湍流射流的直接数值模拟,检验了流体停留时间的统计数据。通过求解射流滞留时间和射流质量分数的输运方程,描述了射流中的滞留时间分布。射流流体停留时间和射流流体质量分数的乘积,称为质量加权流龄,给出了一个在湍流射流中具有固定统计量的量。基于初始发展区下游质量分数和速度的统计是自相似的这一观察结果,利用射流流体停留时间的输运方程,推导出一个描述质量加权流龄平均值的自相似剖面的模型。预测的自相似分布依赖于质量分数和轴向速度的自相似分布,但不同于自相似分布。这些数据证实了质量加权流龄的前四个矩和一点概率密度函数的形状确实是自相似的,并且为平均质量加权流年剖面导出的模型提供了一个有用的近似。因此,利用所给出的矩和概率密度函数的自相似形式,可以在大范围的实际情况下估计高雷诺数流体射流引入流体时的局部停留时间分布。
Fluid residence time is a key concept in the understanding and design of chemically reacting flows. In order to investigate how turbulent mixing affects the residence time distribution within a flow, this study examines statistics of fluid residence time from a direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a statistically stationary turbulent round jet with a jet Reynolds number of 7290. The residence time distribution in the flow is characterised by solving transport equations for the residence time of the jet fluid and for the jet fluid mass fraction. The product of the jet fluid residence time and the jet fluid mass fraction, referred to as the mass-weighted stream age, gives a quantity that has stationary statistics in the turbulent jet. Based on the observation that the statistics of the mass fraction and velocity are self-similar downstream of an initial development region, the transport equation for the jet fluid residence time is used to derive a model describing a self-similar profile for the mean of the mass-weighted stream age. The self-similar profile predicted is dependent on, but different from, the self-similar profiles for the mass fraction and the axial velocity. The DNS data confirm that the first four moments and the shape of the one-point probability density function of mass-weighted stream age are indeed self-similar, and that the model derived for the mean mass-weighted stream-age profile provides a useful approximation. Using the self-similar form of the moments and probability density functions presented it is therefore possible to estimate the local residence time distribution in a wide range of practical situations in which fluid is introduced by a high-Reynolds-number jet of fluid.
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