Bridging patterns of neurocognitive aging across the older adult lifespan.
Bridging patterns of neurocognitive aging across the older adult lifespan.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104594
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Bennett, Ilana J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Merenstein, Jenna L.;Bennett, Ilana J.
关键词：
大脑和神经认知老化的磁共振成像（MRI）研究很少包括最老的老年人（80岁以上）。但是，从老年人（年龄约55-80岁）的MRI结果中得出的神经认知老化理论的预测可能无法推广到老年，特别是考虑到老年人中认知障碍/痴呆症的患病率增加。在这里，我们回顾了最年长的老年人的MRI文献，并在区域变化，补偿，大脑维护和储备理论的背景下解释结果。结构MRI研究显示，大脑老化的区域变化较大的年龄影响内侧颞叶和后部地区的最年长的老年人比年龄较大的老年人。他们还发现，大脑的维护可以解释生命中第十个十年的认知功能。很少有功能性MRI研究检查了表现与年轻组一样好的最年长的老年人的代偿活动，尽管有证据表明，最年长的老年人的大脑储备较高可能介导了大脑老化对认知的影响。尽管有一定的连续性，不同的认知和神经概况在老年人的寿命应该在现代神经认知老化理论解决。
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of brain and neurocognitive aging rarely include oldest-old adults (ages 80+). But predictions of neurocognitive aging theories derived from MRI findings in younger-old adults (ages ~55–80) may not generalize into advanced age, particularly given the increased prevalence of cognitive impairment/dementia in the oldest-old. Here, we reviewed the MRI literature in oldest-old adults and interpreted findings within the context of regional variation, compensation, brain maintenance, and reserve theories. Structural MRI studies revealed regional variation in brain aging as larger age effects on medial temporal and posterior regions for oldest-old than younger-old adults. They also revealed that brain maintenance explained preserved cognitive functioning into the tenth decade of life. Very few functional MRI studies examined compensatory activity in oldest-old adults who perform as well as younger groups, although there was evidence that higher brain reserve in oldest-old adults may mediate effects of brain aging on cognition. Despite some continuity, different cognitive and neural profiles across the older adult lifespan should be addressed in modern neurocognitive aging theories.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1713308114
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