Prokaryotes stimulate mineral H2 formation for the deep biosphere and subsequent thermogenic activity

Prokaryotes stimulate mineral H2 formation for the deep biosphere and subsequent thermogenic activity
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原核生物刺激深层生物圈矿物质 H2 的形成以及随后的产热活动

DOI:
10.1130/g31598.1
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发表时间:
2011
期刊:
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Parkes R
Parkes R
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Parkes R

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深海海底下生物圈包含地球原核生物量的三分之二,这可能表明随着地下温度的升高,存在新的能源产生机制。在用一系列常见矿物和岩石(包括玄武岩和石英)进行的沉积物泥浆实验(0-100 °C)中,在高温下会形成大量的H2,但只有在原核生物存在的情况下。这进一步刺激了原核生物的活动,这是深层沉积物的典型特征(硫酸盐还原、乙酸生成和CO2生成,以及持续的甲烷生成),细菌和古细菌是许多深层沉积物类型的代表。在70 °C以上,H2和醋酸盐的形成尤其受到刺激。当温度升高到产热水平(125-155 °C)时,这种原核活性甚至会增强反应,包括烃的生成。机械化学可能对矿物H2的形成很重要;这是由原核生物(生物机械化学),地下应力和断裂,这是广泛分布在地球上增强。
The deep subseafloor biosphere contains two-thirds of Earth's prokaryotic biomass, which may indicate the presence of novel mechanisms of energy generation as temperatures increase in the subsurface. In sediment slurry experiments (0–100 °C) with a range of common minerals and rocks (including basalt and quartz), there is significant H2formation at elevated temperatures, but only in the presence of prokaryotes. This stimulates further prokaryotic activity, typical of deep sediments (sulfate reduction, acetogenesis, and CO2production, plus continuing methanogenesis), andBacteriaandArchaearepresentative of many deep sediment types develop. H2and acetate formation is particularly stimulated above 70 °C. This prokaryotic activity even enhances reactions when temperatures are raised to thermogenic levels (∼125–155 °C), including hydrocarbon generation. Mechanochemistry may be important for mineral H2formation; this is enhanced by prokaryotes (biomechanochemistry), and subsurface stress and fracturing, which is widespread on Earth.
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