The complete mitochondrial genome of the intertidal spider (Desis jiaxiangi) provides novel insights into the adaptive evolution of the mitogenome and the evolution of spiders.
The complete mitochondrial genome of the intertidal spider (Desis jiaxiangi) provides novel insights into the adaptive evolution of the mitogenome and the evolution of spiders.
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潮间带蜘蛛（Desis jiayangi）的完整线粒体基因组为线粒体基因组的适应性进化和蜘蛛的进化提供了新的见解
DOI：
10.1186/s12862-021-01803-y
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发表时间：
2021-04-30
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Li D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li F;Lv Y;Wen Z;Bian C;Zhang X;Guo S;Shi Q;Li D
虽然几乎所有现存的蜘蛛物种都生活在陆地环境中，但有少数物种完全生活在淡水或海水中。潮间带蜘蛛（desis属）在珊瑚裂缝中筑巢，可以在涨潮时生存。潜水钟蛛（Argyroneta aquatica）生活在类似的动态环境中，但只生活在淡水中。鉴于线粒体在通过氧化磷酸化和环境为生理活动提供大部分能量方面发挥着关键作用，本文对水生蜘蛛有丝分裂基因组进行了完整的测序，以研究水生蜘蛛有丝分裂基因组的适应性进化和蜘蛛的进化。结果我们组装了潮间带蜘蛛desis jiaxiangiand的完整有丝分裂基因组，并对desis jiaxiangiand和其他45个先前发表的蜘蛛有丝分裂基因组序列（包括argyroneta aquatica）的数据集进行了比较线粒体分析。我们在嘉香菇中发现了一个独特的trnl22和trnn2基因的移位。我们强大的系统发育拓扑结构清楚地破译了嘉香蛛和水蛛以及其他蜘蛛之间的进化关系。我们确定了晚白垩世~ 98 Ma的desis jiaxiangian和argyroneta aquaticaat的分化时间。我们的选择分析发现，在由家香和水浒组成的水生分支中，end4基因存在正选择信号。令人惊讶的是，在46个完整有丝分裂基因组分类群的13个PCGs数据集中，piata subpiraticus、Hypochilus thorelli和argyroneta aquaticaa均具有较高的ka /Ksvalue，并且这3个物种在end6基因上也表现出正选择信号。结论trnl22和trnn2基因的独特转位表明，这些基因可能在潮间带蜘蛛的进化史上经历了重排。end4和nd6基因的阳性选择信号可能有助于更好地理解蜘蛛对不同环境的代谢适应。我们为潮间带蜘蛛构建了一个新的有丝分裂基因组，从而揭示了蜘蛛及其有丝分裂基因组的进化史。
BackgroundAlthough almost all extant spider species live in terrestrial environments, a few species live fully submerged in freshwater or seawater. The intertidal spiders (genusDesis) built silk nests within coral crevices can survive submerged in high tides. The diving bell spider,Argyroneta aquatica, resides in a similar dynamic environment but exclusively in freshwater. Given the pivotal role played by mitochondria in supplying most energy for physiological activity via oxidative phosphorylation and the environment, herein we sequenced the complete mitogenome ofDesis jiaxiangito investigate the adaptive evolution of the aquatic spider mitogenomes and the evolution of spiders.ResultsWe assembled a complete mitogenome of the intertidal spiderDesis jiaxiangiand performed comparative mitochondrial analyses of data set comprising ofDesis jiaxiangiand other 45 previously published spider mitogenome sequences, including that ofArgyroneta aquatica. We found a unique transposition oftrnL2andtrnNgenes inDesis jiaxiangi. Our robust phylogenetic topology clearly deciphered the evolutionary relationships betweenDesis jiaxiangiandArgyroneta aquaticaas well as other spiders. We dated the divergence ofDesis jiaxiangiandArgyroneta aquaticato the late Cretaceous at ~ 98 Ma. Our selection analyses detected a positive selection signal in thend4gene of the aquatic branch comprising bothDesis jiaxiangiandArgyroneta aquatica. Surprisingly,Pirata subpiraticus,Hypochilus thorelli, andArgyroneta aquaticaeach had a higherKa/Ksvalue in the 13 PCGs dataset among 46 taxa with complete mitogenomes, and these three species also showed positive selection signal in thend6gene.ConclusionsOur finding of the unique transposition oftrnL2andtrnNgenes indicates that these genes may have experienced rearrangements in the history of intertidal spider evolution. The positive selection signals in thend4andnd6genes might enable a better understanding of the spider metabolic adaptations in relation to different environments. Our construction of a novel mitogenome for the intertidal spider thus sheds light on the evolutionary history of spiders and their mitogenomes.
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