Genetic dissection of intraspecific variation in a male-specific sexual trait in Drosophila melanogaster.
Genetic dissection of intraspecific variation in a male-specific sexual trait in Drosophila melanogaster.
复制标题
果蝇雄性特异性性状种内变异的遗传解剖。
DOI：
10.1038/hdy.2016.63
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发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Macdonald, S. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cloud-Richardson, K. M.;Smith, B. R.;Macdonald, S. J.
进化生物学中的一个悬而未决的问题是性状的持续变异与导致种间分化的变异之间的关系。通过识别种内和种间杂交中表型变异的基因座，我们可以确定多态性和趋异受相同基因组区域控制的程度。性特征提供了物种内部和物种之间形态和行为多样性的丰富例子，在这里我们利用果蝇性梳的变异来解决这个问题。性梳是一些果蝇物种雄性前腿上存在的一系列经过修饰的鬃毛或“牙齿”。雄性在交配时用梳子抓住雌性，消融实验表明，缺乏梳齿的雄性通常无法交配。我们测量了来自多亲高级杂交群体的超过 700 个基因型的牙齿数量，绘制了三个有助于性状遗传的中效基因座。两个数量性状位点（QTL）与之前鉴定的种内和种间性梳 QTL 一致，但这种重叠只能用偶然的方式来解释，部分原因是早期低分辨率 QTL 扫描涉及广泛的基因组。我们绘制的 QTL 区域包含 70-124 个基因，但不包括那些已知参与梳子发育规范的基因。尽管如此，我们还是在所有 QTL 区间内确定了合理的候选者，并使用 RNA 干扰来验证四个位点的效果。值得注意的是，TweedleS 表达敲低显着减少了牙齿数量。我们强调的基因是隐藏导致性梳齿数量的分离功能变异的有力候选基因。
An open question in evolutionary biology is the relationship between standing variation for a trait and the variation that leads to interspecific divergence. By identifying loci underlying phenotypic variation in intra- and interspecific crosses we can determine the extent to which polymorphism and divergence are controlled by the same genomic regions. Sexual traits provide abundant examples of morphological and behavioral diversity within and among species, and here we leverage variation in the Drosophila sex comb to address this question. The sex comb is an array of modified bristles or ‘teeth' present on the male forelegs of several Drosophilid species. Males use the comb to grasp females during copulation, and ablation experiments have shown that males lacking comb teeth typically fail to mate. We measured tooth number in >700 genotypes derived from a multiparental advanced-intercross population, mapping three moderate-effect loci contributing to trait heritability. Two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) coincide with previously identified intra- and interspecific sex comb QTL, but such overlap can be explained by chance alone, in part because of the broad swathes of the genome implicated by earlier, low-resolution QTL scans. Our mapped QTL regions encompass 70–124 genes, but do not include those genes known to be involved in developmental specification of the comb. Nonetheless, we identified plausible candidates within all QTL intervals, and used RNA interference to validate effects at four loci. Notably, TweedleS expression knockdown substantially reduces tooth number. The genes we highlight are strong candidates to harbor segregating, functional variants contributing to sex comb tooth number.
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