Developmental Shifts in Detection and Attention for Auditory, Visual, and Audiovisual Speech.
Developmental Shifts in Detection and Attention for Auditory, Visual, and Audiovisual Speech.
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听觉、视觉和视听言语的检测和注意力的发展转变。
DOI：
10.1044/2018_jslhr-h-17-0343
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Abdi,Hervé
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jerger,Susan;Damian,MarkusF;Karl,Cassandra;Abdi,Hervé
目的成功的言语加工依赖于我们检测和整合多感觉线索的能力，然而，关于儿童多感觉言语检测和整合的研究很少。为了解决这个问题，我们研究了语音检测听觉（A），视觉（V），视听（AV）input.MethodParticipants的发展是115典型的发展中国家的儿童聚集成4至14岁之间的年龄组。针对1个刺激/buh/，在A、V和AV模式下（发音与静态面部条件）确定语音检测（通过响应时间[RT]量化）。不仅根据传统的平均RT，还根据较快与较慢的RT（由RT分布的第一四分位数与第三四分位数定义）分析了性能。这些时间区域分别被概念化为反映最佳检测与有效的集中注意力与效率低下的集中注意力，由于attentional laps.ResultsMean RT检测表明更好的检测（a）多感官AV语音比语音只有在4- 5岁的孩子和（B）的A和AV输入比V输入在所有年龄组。更快的RT显示，AV输入并没有改善任何组的检测。较慢的RT表明：（a）无声V输入的处理速度明显快于静态面部，（B）AV语音或面部输入显著减少了除6至7岁儿童（峰值U形曲线）外的所有组的注意力丧失。显然，AV的好处，观察平均性能在4- 5岁的孩子引起的attention.ConclusionsThe更快的RTs表明，AV输入并没有提高检测在任何组，但较慢的RTs表明，AV语音和动态V语音（口形）显着减少注意失误，从而影响性能。总的来说，A和AV输入检测始终比V输入快，这一结果支持这些儿童的刺激绑定的听觉处理。
PurposeSuccessful speech processing depends on our ability to detect and integrate multisensory cues, yet there is minimal research on multisensory speech detection and integration by children. To address this need, we studied the development of speech detection for auditory (A), visual (V), and audiovisual (AV) input.MethodParticipants were 115 typically developing children clustered into age groups between 4 and 14 years. Speech detection (quantified by response times [RTs]) was determined for 1 stimulus, /buh/, presented in A, V, and AV modes (articulating vs. static facial conditions). Performance was analyzed not only in terms of traditional mean RTs but also in terms of the faster versus slower RTs (defined by the 1st vs. 3rd quartiles of RT distributions). These time regions were conceptualized respectively as reflecting optimal detection with efficient focused attention versus less optimal detection with inefficient focused attention due to attentional lapses.ResultsMean RTs indicated better detection (a) of multisensory AV speech than A speech only in 4- to 5-year-olds and (b) of A and AV inputs than V input in all age groups. The faster RTs revealed that AV input did not improve detection in any group. The slower RTs indicated that (a) the processing of silent V input was significantly faster for the articulating than static face and (b) AV speech or facial input significantly minimized attentional lapses in all groups except 6- to 7-year-olds (a peaked U-shaped curve). Apparently, the AV benefit observed for mean performance in 4- to 5-year-olds arose from effects of attention.ConclusionsThe faster RTs indicated that AV input did not enhance detection in any group, but the slower RTs indicated that AV speech and dynamic V speech (mouthing) significantly minimized attentional lapses and thus did influence performance. Overall, A and AV inputs were detected consistently faster than V input; this result endorsed stimulus-bound auditory processing by these children.
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition
影响因子：
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作者：
Beinan Zhou;A. Krott
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