Comparing anterior and posterior Hox complex formation reveals guidelines for predicting cis-regulatory elements.

Comparing anterior and posterior Hox complex formation reveals guidelines for predicting cis-regulatory elements.
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比较前部和后部 Hox 复合体的形成揭示了预测顺式调控元件的指南。

DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.04.004
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Gebelein,Brian
Gebelein,Brian
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Uhl,JuliD;Cook,TiffanyA;Gebelein,Brian

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Hox转录因子通过调节下游靶基因的表达,沿前后轴沿着指定许多细胞命运。虽然表达分析已经发现了大量的去调控基因在细胞与改变Hox活性,确定哪些是直接与间接的目标仍然是一个重大的挑战。在这里,我们的特点的DNA结合活性的Hox转录因子复合物上的8个实验验证的顺式调控元件。Hox因子通过与两种辅因子蛋白Extradenticle(Exd)和Homothorax(Hth)形成蛋白质复合物来调节每个元素的活性。使用比较DNA结合试验,我们发现,一些灵活的安排Hox,Exd,和Hth结合位点介导的合作转录因子复合物。此外,远端的调控元件(DMXR),这是腹部Hox因子抑制的分析显示,次优结合位点可以结合形成高亲和力的转录复合物。最后,我们确定了前Hox因素更依赖于Exd和Hth复杂的形成比后Hox因素。基于这些研究结果,我们建议一套通用的指导方针,作为设计生物信息学算法的基础,旨在确定Hox调控元件使用的财富最近测序的基因组。
Hox transcription factors specify numerous cell fates along the anterior–posterior axis by regulating the expression of downstream target genes. While expression analysis has uncovered large numbers of de-regulated genes in cells with altered Hox activity, determining which are direct versus indirect targets has remained a significant challenge. Here, we characterize the DNA binding activity of Hox transcription factor complexes on eight experimentally verified cis-regulatory elements. Hox factors regulate the activity of each element by forming protein complexes with two cofactor proteins, Extradenticle (Exd) and Homothorax (Hth). Using comparative DNA binding assays, we found that a number of flexible arrangements of Hox, Exd, and Hth binding sites mediate cooperative transcription factor complexes. Moreover, analysis of a Distal-less regulatory element (DMXR) that is repressed by abdominal Hox factors revealed that suboptimal binding sites can be combined to form high affinity transcription complexes. Lastly, we determined that the anterior Hox factors are more dependent upon Exd and Hth for complex formation than posterior Hox factors. Based upon these findings, we suggest a general set of guidelines to serve as a basis for designing bioinformatics algorithms aimed at identifying Hox regulatory elements using the wealth of recently sequenced genomes.
具有统一 13C 标记触角足同源域的 DNA 复合物的核磁共振波谱以及 DNA 结合同源域的结构测定。
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