Maintaining law and order: Welfare implications from village vigilante groups in northern Tanzania

Maintaining law and order: Welfare implications from village vigilante groups in northern Tanzania
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维护法律和秩序:坦桑尼亚北部村庄治安维持小组对福利的影响

DOI:
10.1016/j.jebo.2020.08.007
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Yuya Kudo
Yuya Kudo
中科院分区:
经济学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yusuke Adachi;Hikaru Ogawa;and Masafumi Tsubuku;Yuya Kudo

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发展中国家的当地自助安全团体需要更多的定量研究。在坦桑尼亚北部,被称为sungusungu的当地治安维持团体自20世纪80年代初以来就以一种自我执行的方式处理财产犯罪,村民很少搭便车。本文从理论和实证两方面探讨了社区治安是否与村民福利相关以及如何相关。在预先确定的当地经济条件和民族家园固定效应的条件下,盗窃行为不太常见,只有富裕家庭才会在有孙古松古的社区消费更多。集体行动ofsungusungualso似乎建立公民规范合作,一起表明低盗窃发病率持续与标志着福利不平等和广泛的社会资本。根据一个成熟的博弈论模型,当政治上强大的地方精英通过向他们提供最低的经济租金来动员所有公民加入义务警员组织时,这些发现是合理的。一直以来,在有sungusungu的社区,较贫困的家庭可以免费获得土地,支持政治领导人的社区管理,并经常参加村会议。未来的研究应着眼于更严格地验证地方精英的政治影响力。
Local self-help security groups in the developing world warrant more quantitative research. In northern Tanzania, native vigilante groups, calledsungusungu, have dealt with property crimes in a self-enforcing manner since the early 1980s with little free riding by villagers. I theoretically and empirically explore whether and how community policing bysungusunguis associated with villagers’ welfare. Conditional on pre-determined local economic conditions and ethnic-homeland fixed effects, theft is less common and only wealthy households have larger consumption in communities withsungusungu. Collective action ofsungusungualso appears to forge citizens’ norms of cooperation, all together suggesting that low theft incidence is sustained with marked welfare inequality and extensive social capital. According to a developed game-theoretic model, these findings are plausible when politically powerful local elites mobilize all citizens to join vigilante groups by offering minimum economic rents to them. Consistently, in communities withsungusungu, poorer households obtain free access to land, support political leaders’ communal management, and frequently attend village meetings. Future research should aim to validate the political influence of local elites more rigorously.
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