Correspondence between Humans and Animals in Coding of Temporal Attributes: Role of Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
Correspondence between Humans and Animals in Coding of Temporal Attributes: Role of Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
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人类和动物在时间属性编码中的对应：海马和前额叶皮层的作用
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb37584.x
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
R. Kesner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Kesner
对了解记忆的神经生物学基础感兴趣的研究人员对研究各种记忆障碍的患者有着长期的兴趣。在对这些患者进行大量描述性和正式测试的基础上，研究人员已经确定了一些关键的神经区域（例如，海马体，大脑皮层），这些区域为助记信息的编码，存储和检索服务，并开发了一套特定的脑记忆功能理论。此外，这些患者为动物研究人员寻找脑功能和记忆的对应关系提供了巨大的动力。后一种强调是基于大脑介导的记忆功能进化连续性的假设。过去，对人类记忆病理的动物模型的研究并不完全成功。然而，在过去的五年里已经取得了一些成功。是什么因素促成了这一成功？首先，新的信息处理理论框架的发展，不仅强调信息存储和检索的过程，而且强调记忆的结构组织。因此，这些新的理论框架导致了新的测试的发展，为人类健忘症提供了更丰富的描述。其次，在评估生物体潜在脑损伤的扫描技术的发展以及评估脑损伤后果的新技术（如组织化学和神经化学）的发展方面取得了很大进展。第三，研究动物心理过程的新任务和新理论已经出现，作为行为主义传统的替代。第四，人们认识到，人类的脑损伤很少是在一个区域内完成的，而且往往涉及多个神经区域。当然还有很多问题，但前景更加乐观。开发人类记忆病理的良好动物模型的一些主要问题在于人类语言处理的重要性，确定确切的潜在神经病理的困难，中枢神经系统的相互联系，以及对现有数据的各种理论解释。本文的目的是提出一些实验，证明海马损伤的大鼠与假定海马损伤的人有相似的记忆缺陷模式。此外，我将试图证明内侧前额皮质损伤的大鼠表现出与前额皮质损伤患者相似的记忆功能障碍。最后，我将提供的数据表明，患有中隔或大细胞基底核损伤的大鼠具有与阿尔茨海默氏症患者相似的记忆缺陷。
Investigators interested in understanding the neurobiological basis of memory have had a long term interest in studying patients with a variety of memory disturbances. On the basis of a large number of descriptive and formal tests with these patients, researchers have identified a number of critical neural regions (e.g., hippocampus, cerebral cortex) that subserve the encoding, storage, and retrieval of mnemonic information and have developed a set of specific theories of brain-memory function. In addition, these patients have provided a great impetus for animal researchers to search for correspondence in brain function and memory. This latter emphasis is based on the assumption of evolutionary continuity of brain-mediated mnemonic functions. In the past the search for animal models of human memory pathology has not been entirely successful. However, a modicum of success has emerged in the last five years. What factors might have contributed to this success? First, there has been the development of new information-processing theoretical frameworks with an emphasis not only on the process of information storage and retrieval, but also on the structural organization of memory. As a result, these new theoretical frameworks have led to the development of new tests providing a richer description of human amnesic syndromes. Second, great progress has been made in the development of scanning techniques to assess potential brain damage in living organisms as well as in the development of new techniques (e.g., histochemical and neurochemical) to evaluate the consequences of brain damage. Third, there has been the development of new tasks and theories to study mental processes in animals as an alternative to the behaviorist tradition. Fourth, there is a recognition that brain damage in humans is rarely complete within a region and that more often than not it involves more than one neural region. There are of course still many problems, but the outlook is more optimistic. Some of the major problems in developing good animal models of human memory pathology lie in the importance of language processing in humans, the difficulty in determining the exact underlying neural pathology, the interconnectedness of the central nervous system, and the great variety of theoretical interpretations of the extant data. The purpose of this paper is to present a few experiments demonstrating that rats with hippocampus lesions have a comparable pattern of mnemonic deficits to humans with presumed hippocampus damage. Furthermore, I will attempt to show that rats with medial prefrontal cortex lesions display memory dysfunctions that are similar to those observed in frontal cortex damaged patients. Finally, I will present data showing that rats with either medial septum or nucleus basalis magnocellularis lesions have memory deficits similar to those that have been described in Alzheimer’s patients.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
COHEN, NJ;SQUIRE, LR
通讯作者：
SQUIRE, LR
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
R. Struble;L. Cork;P. Whitehouse;D. Price
通讯作者：
R. Struble;L. Cork;P. Whitehouse;D. Price
大鼠的串行位置曲线：自动与费力的信息处理。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1984
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes
影响因子：
--
作者：
DiMattia,BV;Kesner,RP
通讯作者：
Kesner,RP