Neurochemical characterization of the tree shrew dorsal striatum.
Neurochemical characterization of the tree shrew dorsal striatum.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnana.2011.00053
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Perez-Costas E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rice MW;Roberts RC;Melendez-Ferro M;Perez-Costas E
纹状体是基底神经节的主要组成部分，与运动和认知功能有关。纹状体病理与几种疾病有关，包括亨廷顿氏病、图雷特综合征、强迫症和精神分裂症。为了研究这些纹状体病理学，使用了不同的动物模型，包括啮齿动物和非人灵长类动物。啮齿动物缺乏形态学上的复杂性（例如，缺乏明确的尾状核和壳核），这使得很难将数据转化为人类的范例。灵长类动物，特别是高等灵长类动物，是最接近人类的模型，但使用这些动物进行研究的限制越来越多。在我们寻找一种非灵长类动物模型的过程中，我们将注意力转向了树鼩，它的纹状体在解剖学上（也许在功能上）与人类相似。进化遗传学研究提供了强有力的数据，支持树鼩（Scadentia）是最接近灵长类动物的群体之一，尽管它们的大脑解剖结构只对特定的大脑区域进行了详细研究。在形态学上，树鼩的纹状体类似于灵长类动物的纹状体，有一个内囊分隔尾状核和壳核，但对其神经化学成分知之甚少。在这里，我们分析了钙结合蛋白的表达，存在和分布的纹状体和基质室（通过使用钙结合蛋白，酪氨酸羟化酶，乙酰胆碱酯酶免疫组织化学），和GABA能系统的免疫组织化学对谷氨酸脱羧酶和高尔基体浸渍。总之，我们的结果表明，与灵长类动物相比，树鼩背侧纹状体在所研究的大多数标记物的分布方面表现出惊人的相似性，而与啮齿动物纹状体相比则表现出一些显着的差异。
The striatum is a major component of the basal ganglia and is associated with motor and cognitive functions. Striatal pathologies have been linked to several disorders, including Huntington’s, Tourette’s syndrome, obsessive–compulsive disorders, and schizophrenia. For the study of these striatal pathologies different animal models have been used, including rodents and non-human primates. Rodents lack on morphological complexity (for example, the lack of well defined caudate and putamen nuclei), which makes it difficult to translate data to the human paradigm. Primates, and especially higher primates, are the closest model to humans, but there are ever-increasing restrictions to the use of these animals for research. In our search for a non-primate animal model with a striatum that anatomically (and perhaps functionally) can resemble that of humans, we turned our attention to the tree shrew. Evolutionary genetic studies have provided strong data supporting that the tree shrews (Scadentia) are one of the closest groups to primates, although their brain anatomy has only been studied in detail for specific brain areas. Morphologically, the tree shrew striatum resembles the primate striatum with the presence of an internal capsule separating the caudate and putamen, but little is known about its neurochemical composition. Here we analyzed the expression of calcium-binding proteins, the presence and distribution of the striosome and matrix compartments (by the use of calbindin, tyrosine hydroxylase, and acetylcholinesterase immunohistochemistry), and the GABAergic system by immunohistochemistry against glutamic acid decarboxylase and Golgi impregnation. In summary, our results show that when compared to primates, the tree shrew dorsal striatum presents striking similarities in the distribution of most of the markers studied, while presenting some marked divergences when compared to the rodent striatum.
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