Variation in SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks across sub-Saharan Africa.

Variation in SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks across sub-Saharan Africa.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41591-021-01234-8
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
影响因子:
82.9
通讯作者:
Metcalf CJE
Metcalf CJE
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rice BL;Annapragada A;Baker RE;Bruijning M;Dotse-Gborgbortsi W;Mensah K;Miller IF;Motaze NV;Raherinandrasana A;Rajeev M;Rakotonirina J;Ramiadantsoa T;Rasambainarivo F;Yu W;Grenfell BT;Tatem AJ;Metcalf CJE

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到目前为止,SARS-CoV-2大流行的一个令人惊讶的特征是撒哈拉以南非洲(SSA)国家报告的相对于其他全球区域的低负担。潜在的解释(例如,环境变暖、人口年轻化)尚未在全面分析中确定。我们综合了假设在2020年2月25日至12月20日期间推动这场SSA大流行的速度和负担的因素,包括人口、合并症、气候、医疗保健能力、干预努力和人类流动性维度。可能的驱动因素的巨大差异表明,在解释汇总中低收入环境数据的分析时需要谨慎。我们的模拟表明,SSA种群中心之间的气候差异对早期爆发轨迹几乎没有影响;然而,尽管很少考虑连通性的异质性,但很可能是导致病毒在SSA地区传播速度差异的重要因素。我们的综合指出,在目前的大流行期间,针对具体情况调整监测系统的潜在好处。特别是,在合并症负担较高和获得护理的机会较少的情况下,确定随年龄的严重程度模式将是优先事项。在低连通性可能导致长期的、非同步的暴发,从而给卫生系统带来更大压力的情况下,需要强调了解暴发的空间范围。
A surprising feature of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to date is the low burdens reported in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries relative to other global regions. Potential explanations (for example, warmer environments, younger populations) have yet to be framed within a comprehensive analysis. We synthesized factors hypothesized to drive the pace and burden of this pandemic in SSA during the period from 25 February to 20 December 2020, encompassing demographic, comorbidity, climatic, healthcare capacity, intervention efforts and human mobility dimensions. Large diversity in the probable drivers indicates a need for caution in interpreting analyses that aggregate data across low- and middle-income settings. Our simulation shows that climatic variation between SSA population centers has little effect on early outbreak trajectories; however, heterogeneity in connectivity, although rarely considered, is likely an important contributor to variance in the pace of viral spread across SSA. Our synthesis points to the potential benefits of context-specific adaptation of surveillance systems during the ongoing pandemic. In particular, characterizing patterns of severity over age will be a priority in settings with high comorbidity burdens and poor access to care. Understanding the spatial extent of outbreaks warrants emphasis in settings where low connectivity could drive prolonged, asynchronous outbreaks resulting in extended stress to health systems.
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