miR-146 and miR-155: Two Key Modulators of Immune Response and Tumor Development.

miR-146 and miR-155: Two Key Modulators of Immune Response and Tumor Development.
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DOI:
10.3390/ncrna3030022
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发表时间:
2017-06-26
期刊:
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Labbaye C
Labbaye C
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Testa U;Pelosi E;Castelli G;Labbaye C

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microRNA(miRNAs或miRs)是一类进化上保守的小的非编码RNA,长度为19-3个核苷酸,负调控蛋白质编码基因转录本的表达。miR-146(146 a和146 b)和miR-155是最早和研究最多的miR之一,因为它们在控制先天性和适应性免疫过程中的多种作用以及它们在一些肿瘤中的失调和致癌作用。在本综述中,我们重点介绍了最近获得的关于miR-146 a,miR-146 b和miR-155在免疫系统控制和髓系肿瘤发生中发挥的关键作用。越来越多的实验证据表明,miR-146 a相对于miR-155在免疫应答的许多步骤的精细调节中具有相反的作用,作用于参与先天性和适应性免疫机制的各种细胞类型的水平。miR-155过表达在某些淋巴瘤和急性髓性白血病中起关键致病作用的证明导致了基于阿司洛尔的方法作为一种新的有前途的治疗策略的发展。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are a class of evolutionarily-conserved small, regulatory non-coding RNAs, 19–3 nucleotides in length, that negatively regulate protein coding gene transcripts’ expression. miR-146 (146a and 146b) and miR-155 are among the first and most studied miRs for their multiple roles in the control of the innate and adaptive immune processes and for their deregulation and oncogenic role in some tumors. In the present review, we have focused on the recent acquisitions about the key role played by miR-146a, miR-146b and miR-155 in the control of the immune system and in myeloid tumorigenesis. Growing experimental evidence indicates an opposite role of miR-146a with respect to miR-155 in the fine regulation of many steps of the immune response, acting at the level of the various cell types involved in innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. The demonstration that miR-155 overexpression plays a key pathogenic role in some lymphomas and acute myeloid leukemias has led to the development of an antagomir-based approach as a new promising therapeutic strategy.
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