New respirator performance monitor (RePM) for powered air-purifying respirators.
New respirator performance monitor (RePM) for powered air-purifying respirators.
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DOI：
10.1080/15459624.2020.1814491
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Zhuang, Ziqing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grinshpun, Sergey A.;Corey, Jonathan;Yermakov, Michael;Wu, Bingbing;Strickland, Kevin T.;Bergman, Michael;Zhuang, Ziqing
电动空气净化呼吸器(PAPR)可提供颗粒防护，部署在不同的工作场所环境中。医护人员对PAPR的使用正在迅速增加；这些呼吸器通常被认为是医疗保健环境中的最佳选择，特别是在公共卫生紧急情况下，如大流行性疾病的爆发。同时，缺乏使用者培训和某些剧烈的工作活动可能会导致呼吸器的性能下降。迫切需要实时监测包括PAPR在内的呼吸保护装置的性能。在这项工作中，开发了一种新的坚固且低成本的实时性能监测器(RePM)，能够评估工作场所PAPR对气溶胶粒子的保护作用。新装置在人体模型和人体受试者身上进行了评估，并与用作参考保护测量系统的一对凝聚核计数器(P-Trak)进行了比较。结果被表示为在受试者身上测试时确定的基于人体模型的保护系数(MPF)和模拟工作场所保护系数(SWPF)。对于基于人体模型的测试，将两种方法收集的数据点相互绘制；观察到近乎完美的相关性，相关系数为0.997。这种高度的相关性尤其显著，因为RePM和凝聚粒子计数器(CPC)在不同的粒度范围内进行了测量。数据的变异性随着MPF的增加而增加。在人类受试者身上的评估表明，RePM原型提供了极好的灵敏度(在60秒的反应时间内在受试者身上测量的96.3%)和100%的特异度。该设备被认为是第一个在佩戴者工作时定量监测PAPR表现的设备；它体积小，重量轻，不会干扰工作职能。
Powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) that offer protection from particulates are deployed in different workplace environments. Usage of PAPRs by healthcare workers is rapidly increasing; these respirators are often considered the best option in healthcare settings, particularly during public health emergency situations, such as outbreaks of pandemic diseases. At the same time, lack of user training and certain vigorous work activities may lead to a decrease in a respirator’s performance. There is a critical need for real-time performance monitoring of respiratory protective devices, including PAPRs. In this effort, a new robust and low-cost real-time performance monitor (RePM) capable of evaluating the protection offered by a PAPR against aerosol particles at a workplace was developed. The new device was evaluated on a manikin and on human subjects against a pair of condensation nuclei counters (P-Trak) used as the reference protection measurement system. The outcome was expressed as a manikin-based protection factor (mPF) and a Simulated Workplace Protection Factor (SWPF) determined while testing on subjects. For the manikin-based testing, the data points collected by the two methods were plotted against each other; a near-perfect correlation was observed with a correlation coefficient of 0.997. This high correlation is particularly remarkable since RePM and condensation particle counter (CPC) measure in different particle size ranges. The data variability increased with increasing mPF. The evaluation on human subjects demonstrated that RePM prototype provided an excellent Sensitivity (96.3% measured on human subjects at a response time of 60 sec) and a Specificity of 100%. The device is believed to be the first of its kind to quantitatively monitor PAPR performance while the wearer is working; it is small, lightweight, and does not interfere with job functions.
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