Intraspecific differences in molecular stress responses and coral pathobiome contribute to mortality under bacterial challenge in Acropora millepora
Intraspecific differences in molecular stress responses and coral pathobiome contribute to mortality under bacterial challenge in Acropora millepora
复制标题
分子应激反应和珊瑚病理生物组的种内差异导致鹿角珊瑚在细菌挑战下的死亡率
作者：
Rachel M. Wright;C. Kenkel;Carly E. Dunn;Erin N. Shilling;L. Bay;M. Matz
疾病导致全世界珊瑚大量死亡；然而，导致抗病的种内变异的因素仍不清楚。我们将8个千孔Acropora菌落（基因型）的片段暴露于推定致病菌（弧菌）。基因型的死亡率从0到90不等，细菌攻击使平均死亡率增加4-6倍，并使微生物群向有利于应激相关分类群的方向转移。在高死亡率个体中，本构免疫以及随后对挑战的免疫和转录组反应更为突出，而低死亡率珊瑚基本上不受影响，并保持更健康状态的表达特征（即，没有引发大的应激反应）。我们的研究结果表明，病变的出现是由于珊瑚致病组（与疾病相关的多种细菌）的变化和生物干扰后的总体健康恶化，而不是任何特定病原体的直接活动。如果自然界中的疾病是由于全息生物生理学的弱点而产生的，而不是由于任何单一病原体的毒性，那么损害珊瑚状况的环境压力因素可能在疾病爆发中发挥比目前认为的更大的作用。为了促进对受损个体的诊断，我们开发并独立交叉验证了一种生物标志物测定方法，该方法基于无症状个体中表达与死亡率一致的基因来预测死亡率。
Disease causes significant coral mortality worldwide; however, factors responsible for intraspecific variation in disease resistance remain unclear. We exposed fragments of eight Acropora millepora colonies (genotypes) to putatively pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio spp.). Genotypes varied from zero to >90% mortality, with bacterial challenge increasing average mortality rates 4–6 fold and shifting the microbiome in favor of stress-associated taxa. Constitutive immunity and subsequent immune and transcriptomic responses to the challenge were more prominent in high-mortality individuals, whereas low-mortality corals remained largely unaffected and maintained expression signatures of a healthier condition (i.e., did not launch a large stress response). Our results suggest that lesions appeared due to changes in the coral pathobiome (multiple bacterial species associated with disease) and general health deterioration after the biotic disturbance, rather than the direct activity of any specific pathogen. If diseases in nature arise because of weaknesses in holobiont physiology, instead of the virulence of any single etiological agent, environmental stressors compromising coral condition might play a larger role in disease outbreaks than is currently thought. To facilitate the diagnosis of compromised individuals, we developed and independently cross-validated a biomarker assay to predict mortality based on genes whose expression in asymptomatic individuals coincides with mortality rates.
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Audrey Kauffmann;R. Gentleman;W. Huber
通讯作者：
Audrey Kauffmann;R. Gentleman;W. Huber
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Harvell, CD;Kim, K;Vasta, GR
通讯作者：
Vasta, GR
DOI：
10.1016/j.jembe.2007.02.015
发表时间：
2007-08-03
影响因子：
2
作者：
Lesser, Michael P.;Bythell, John C.;Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove
通讯作者：
Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove