A theoretically based model of rat personality with implications for welfare.
A theoretically based model of rat personality with implications for welfare.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0095135
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Champagne FA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Franks B;Higgins ET;Champagne FA
随着动物人格研究成为动物行为研究的核心，越来越需要解决其原因和后果的理论框架。我们认为，调节焦点理论（RFT）可以作为这样的框架之一，同时还可以提供有关动物个性如何与福利相关的见解。RFT区分了两种类型的接近动机：促进，接近收益的动机，和预防，接近或保持安全的动机。几十年的研究已经建立了RFT作为人类行为模型的实用性，最近来自动物园饲养的灵长类动物和实验室大鼠的证据表明，它也可能适用于非人类动物的行为。在这些初步研究的基础上，我们收集了60只大鼠的数据，褐家鼠，导航自动迷宫，允许个人保持黑暗（指示预防/安全接近动机）和/或激活食物奖励（指示促进/增益接近动机）。正如预测的那样，这两种行为表现出稳定的个体差异（Ps <0.01），并与慢性压力的生理体征呈负相关，可能表明福利不佳（Ps <0.05）。随后，一半的大鼠暴露在一个可控的威胁（有毒的新物体）在家里。迷宫重测显示，威胁暴露增加了黑暗时间（P<0.05），提示预防动机可能通过一种机制得到增强。这些结果指向RFT作为动物行为和福利模型的潜在效用。
As animal personality research becomes more central to the study of animal behavior, there is increasing need for theoretical frameworks addressing its causes and consequences. We propose that regulatory focus theory (RFT) could serve as one such framework while also providing insights into how animal personality relates to welfare. RFT distinguishes between two types of approach motivation: promotion, the motivation to approach gains, and prevention, the motivation to approach or maintain safety. Decades of research have established the utility of RFT as a model of human behavior and recent evidence from zoo-housed primates and laboratory rats has suggested that it may be applicable to nonhuman animal behavior as well. Building on these initial studies, we collected data on 60 rats, Rattus norvegicus, navigating an automated maze that allowed individuals to maintain darkness (indicative of prevention/safety-approach motivation) and/or activate food rewards (indicative of promotion/gain-approach motivation). As predicted, both behaviors showed stable individual differences (Ps <0.01) and were inversely associated with physiological signs of chronic stress, possibly indicating poor welfare (Ps <0.05). Subsequently, half the rats were exposed to a manageable threat (noxious novel object) in the homecage. Re-testing in the maze revealed that threat exposure increased darkness time achieved (P<0.05), suggesting a mechanism by which prevention motivation may be enhanced. These results point toward the potential utility of RFT as a model for animal behavior and welfare.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Brydges, Nichola M.;Leach, Matthew;Bateson, Melissa
通讯作者：
Bateson, Melissa
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Calvo-Torrent, A;Brain, PF;Martinez, M
通讯作者：
Martinez, M
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Higgins, ET;Friedman, RS;Taylor, A
通讯作者：
Taylor, A
DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-394281-4.00006-4
发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, VOL 46
影响因子：
--
作者：
Franks, Becca;Higgins, E. Tory
通讯作者：
Higgins, E. Tory
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
CHAMOVE, AS;MOODIE, EM
通讯作者：
MOODIE, EM