Neural correlates of perceptual separation-induced enhancement of prepulse inhibition of startle in humans.
Neural correlates of perceptual separation-induced enhancement of prepulse inhibition of startle in humans.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-18793-x
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发表时间：
2018-01-11
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Li L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lei M;Zhang C;Li L
脉冲前抑制（PPI）是指在强烈的惊吓刺激之前不久出现较弱的非惊吓刺激（脉冲前）时对惊吓反射的抑制。在大鼠中，听觉优先效应诱导的恐惧条件预脉冲和噪声掩蔽物之间的感知空间分离促进了对预脉冲的选择性注意并增强了PPI。然而，预脉冲和噪声掩蔽器之间的感知分离是否也能增强人类的PPI仍不清楚。此外，PPI增强与早期皮层预脉冲信号表征变化之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究首次揭示了在声衰减的实验室环境中，相对于脉冲前刺激和噪声掩蔽刺激的知觉共位聆听条件，脉冲前刺激和噪声掩蔽刺激的知觉分离显著提高了群体平均PPI。更重要的是，大多数听者对脉冲前刺激的早期皮层反应（N1/P2复合体）也因知觉分离而增强，并且知觉分离诱导的N1成分增强与知觉分离诱导的PPI增强正相关。因此，知觉分离通过促进对预脉冲的选择性注意来增强PPI，从而导致预脉冲信号在颞叶听觉皮质场的早期皮层表征增强。
Prepulse inhibition (PPI) is the suppression of the startle reflex when the intense startling stimulus is shortly preceded by a weaker non-startling stimulus (prepulse). In rats, the auditory precedence-effect-induced perceived spatial separation between the fear-conditioned prepulse and a noise masker facilitates selective attention to the prepulse and enhances PPI. However, whether the perceptual separation between the prepulse and a noise masker can also enhance PPI in humans remains unclear. Also, the relationship between the PPI enhancement and the change in early cortical representations of prepulse signals is unclear. This study for the first time reveals that in a sound-attenuated laboratory environment, relative to the listening condition with perceptual co-location between the prepulse stimulus and a noise-masking stimulus, the perceptual separation between the two stimuli significantly enhances the group-mean PPI. More importantly, the early cortical responses (N1/P2 complex) to the prepulse stimulus are also enhanced by the perceptual separation in most listeners, and the perceptual-separation-induced enhancement of the N1 component is positively correlated with the perceptual-separation-induced PPI enhancement. Thus, the perceptual separation enhances PPI through facilitating selective attention to the prepulse, leading to an enhancement of the early cortical representation of the prepulse signal in temporal auditory cortical fields.
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