A critical physical geography of urban soil contamination
A critical physical geography of urban soil contamination
复制标题
城市土壤污染的关键自然地理学
DOI：
10.1016/j.geoforum.2015.07.010
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
McClintock, Nathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McClintock, Nathan
人为铅（Pb）在城市土壤中无处不在，因为它在19世纪和20世纪的过程中从一系列点源和非点源（包括工业废物和污染、含铅油漆和汽车尾气）中广泛沉积。虽然土壤科学家和城市生态学家已经记录了世界各地城市的土壤铅污染，但这种分析通常集中在近端机制上，而很少考虑更远端的因素，特别是介导特定地方铅积累的社会过程。在本文中，我阐述了一个关键的城市土壤铅污染的自然地理，认为辩证的土壤过程和社会过程的共同生产。以加州奥克兰平原的土壤铅污染为例，将传统的定量地球化学制图与城市政治生态学中经常采用的理论和定性方法相结合，以解释将城市分为平原和丘陵的各种时空过程，这种地形既是物理的，也是社会的，这是区分土壤铅浓度及其对低收入有色人种不成比例的影响的基础。我演示了如何通过社会新陈代谢的透镜理解土壤污染-特别注意资本主义城市化过程中出现的社会自然杂交的物质性-可以补充传统的分析，同时有助于“物质政治的地方”，以支持环境正义的斗争。
Anthropogenic lead (Pb) is ubiquitous in urban soils given its widespread deposition over the course of the 19th and 20th centuries from a range of point- and non-point sources, including industrial waste and pollution, leaded paint, and automobile exhaust. While soil scientists and urban ecologists have documented soil Pb contamination in cities around the world, such analyses usually focus on proximal mechanisms but rarely consider more distal factors, notably thesocialprocesses mediating Pb accumulation in particular places. In this paper, I articulate a critical physical geography of urban soil Pb contamination that considers the dialectical co-production of soil processes and social processes. Using soil Pb contamination in the flatlands of Oakland, California as an empirical case, I integrate conventional quantitative geochemical mapping with theory and qualitative methods regularly employed in urban political ecology to explain the various spatio-temporal processes that bifurcated the city into flatlands and hills, a topography that is as much social as it is physical, and one that is fundamental to differentiated soil Pb concentrations and their disproportionate impact on low-income people of color. I demonstrate how understanding soil contamination through the lens of social metabolism – with particular attention to the materiality of the socio-natural hybrids emerging from processes of capitalist urbanization – can complement conventional analyses, while contributing to a “material politics of place” to support struggles for environmental justice.
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影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Bridbord K;Hanson D
通讯作者：
Hanson D
自然问题
影响因子：
5
作者：
Margaret Fitzsimmons
通讯作者：
Margaret Fitzsimmons
影响因子：
5
作者：
C. Martens;J. Wesolowski;R. Kaiffer;W. John
通讯作者：
W. John
土壤的社会生产。
影响因子：
--
作者：
Eva
通讯作者：
Eva
加州的火焰与财富：脆弱性的物质和政治层面
DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.08.008
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
8.9
作者：
Gregory L. Simon;S. Dooling
通讯作者：
S. Dooling