A personal perspective on the initial federal health-based regulation to remove lead from gasoline.
A personal perspective on the initial federal health-based regulation to remove lead from gasoline.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.0800534
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发表时间：
2009-08
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Hanson D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bridbord K;Hanson D
本文介绍了作者的个人经历和观点，他们在 20 世纪 70 年代初受雇于美国环境保护署 (EPA) 时，主要负责起草限制汽油铅含量的最初基于健康的法规。美国环保署在 1973 年 12 月制定限制汽油铅含量的最初基于健康的法规时使用的信息，以及记录该法规和后续行动影响的研究。从这一经验中汲取的教训之一是独立科学家对监管决策过程提供意见的重要性。这也表明了独立同行评审研究（例如美国国立卫生研究院支持的研究）以及疾病控制和预防中心科学家进行的研究在描述人群中铅暴露后果方面的关键作用。美国从汽油中去除铅被描述为20世纪伟大的公共卫生成就之一，但这几乎没有发生。作者在制定该法规方面的经验可能会对其他参与未来制定基于健康的监管政策的人有所帮助。美国环保署最初以健康为基础的去除汽油中铅的法规显然是科学成功影响公共政策的一个例子。当时美国环保署的领导力值得高度赞扬，因为他们营造了一种使这一目标成为可能的氛围。
This article describes the personal experience and perspective of the authors, who had primary responsibility for drafting the initial health-based regulation limiting lead content of gasoline during the early 1970s while employed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Information used by the U.S. EPA in developing the initial health-based regulation limiting lead content of gasoline in December 1973 and studies documenting the impact of that and subsequent actions. Among the lessons learned from this experience is the importance of having input from independent scientists to the regulatory decision-making process. This also demonstrates the critical role of independent peer-reviewed research, such as that supported by the National Institutes of Health, as well as research conducted by scientists from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in delineating the consequences of lead exposure in the population. Removal of lead from gasoline in the United States has been described as one of the great public health achievements of the 20th century, but it almost did not happen. The experience of the authors in developing this regulation may be helpful to others involved in developing health-based regulatory policy in the future. The initial U.S. EPA health-based regulation to remove lead from gasoline is clearly an example where science successfully affected public policy. The leadership of the U.S. EPA at that time deserves much credit for establishing an atmosphere in which this was possible.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
GOLDSMITH, JR;HEXTER, AC
通讯作者：
HEXTER, AC
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
NEEDLEMAN, HL;GUNNOE, C;BARRETT, P
通讯作者：
BARRETT, P
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Canfield, RL;Henderson, CR;Lanphear, BP
通讯作者：
Lanphear, BP
血液铅浓度<10 microg/dl和6岁的儿童智力。
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Jusko, Todd A.;Henderson, ChaKes R., Jr.;Lanphear, Bruce P.;Cory-Slechta, Deborah A.;Parsons, Patrick J.;Canfield, Richard L.
通讯作者：
Canfield, Richard L.
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
LINFU, JS
通讯作者：
LINFU, JS