Isolation and Characterization of the First Temperate Virus Infecting Psychrobacillus from Marine Sediments.
Isolation and Characterization of the First Temperate Virus Infecting Psychrobacillus from Marine Sediments.
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DOI：
10.3390/v14010108
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发表时间：
2022-01-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Huang L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu W;Zheng X;Dai X;Zhang Z;Zhang W;Xiao T;Huang L
在海洋生态系统中，病毒比细胞微生物丰富得多。然而，到目前为止，从海洋沉积物，特别是热液喷口沉积物中分离出的病毒很少，这阻碍了人们对这些微小生物的生物学和生态功能的了解。本文报道了一株侵染冲绳海槽热液喷口冷杆菌的温带噬菌体PVJ1的分离和鉴定。PVJ1属于尾孢子目Myoviridae科。该噬菌体具有53,187个碱基线性dsDNA基因组，84个ORF以模块化模式编码结构蛋白、基因组复制、宿主裂解等。噬菌体基因组在编码嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶(PNP)的deoD基因的3‘端附近整合到宿主染色体上。噬菌体的整合似乎没有破坏PNP的功能。噬菌体DNA是由头部机制包装的。经丝裂霉素C处理后，宿主细胞对PVJ1的释放显著增加，编码一个与PVJ1有明显相似性(≥70%相同氨基酸)的MCP的噬菌体广泛存在于不同的环境中，包括海洋和淡水沉积物、土壤、人工生态系统和动物肠道，主要感染Firmicum。这些结果对于了解海底细菌病毒的生活方式和宿主相互作用是有价值的。
Viruses are far more abundant than cellular microorganisms in the marine ecosystem. However, very few viruses have so far been isolated from marine sediments, especially hydrothermal vent sediments, hindering the understanding of the biology and ecological functions of these tiny organisms. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a temperate bacteriophage, named PVJ1, which infects Psychrobacillus from a hydrothermal vent field in Okinawa Trough. PVJ1 belongs to the Myoviridae family of the order Caudovirales. The tailed phage possesses a 53,187 bp linear dsDNA genome, with 84 ORFs encoding structural proteins, genome replication, host lysis, etc. in a modular pattern. The phage genome is integrated into the host chromosome near the 3′-end of deoD, a gene encoding purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP). The phage integration does not appear to disrupt the function of PNP. The phage DNA is packaged by the headful mechanism. Release of PVJ1 from the host cell was drastically enhanced by treatment with mitomycin C. Phages encoding an MCP sharing significant similarity (≥70% identical amino acids) with that of PVJ1 are widespread in diverse environments, including marine and freshwater sediments, soils, artificial ecosystems, and animal intestines, and primarily infect Firmicutes. These results are valuable to the understanding of the lifestyle and host interactions of bacterial viruses at the bottom of the ocean.
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